Cancer Nano-Immunotherapy: The Novel and Promising Weapon to Fight Cancer
Cancer is a complex disease that, despite advances in treatment and the greater understanding of the tumor biology until today, continues to be a prevalent and lethal disease. Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery are the conventional treatments, which have increased the survival for cancer patien...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2024-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/2/1195 |
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| author | Daniel J. García-Domínguez Soledad López-Enríquez Gonzalo Alba Carmen Garnacho Carlos Jiménez-Cortegana Rocío Flores-Campos Luis de la Cruz-Merino Nabil Hajji Víctor Sánchez-Margalet Lourdes Hontecillas-Prieto |
| author_facet | Daniel J. García-Domínguez Soledad López-Enríquez Gonzalo Alba Carmen Garnacho Carlos Jiménez-Cortegana Rocío Flores-Campos Luis de la Cruz-Merino Nabil Hajji Víctor Sánchez-Margalet Lourdes Hontecillas-Prieto |
| author_sort | Daniel J. García-Domínguez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cancer is a complex disease that, despite advances in treatment and the greater understanding of the tumor biology until today, continues to be a prevalent and lethal disease. Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery are the conventional treatments, which have increased the survival for cancer patients. However, the complexity of this disease together with the persistent problems due to tumor progression and recurrence, drug resistance, or side effects of therapy make it necessary to explore new strategies that address the challenges to obtain a positive response. One important point is that tumor cells can interact with the microenvironment, promoting proliferation, dissemination, and immune evasion. Therefore, immunotherapy has emerged as a novel therapy based on the modulation of the immune system for combating cancer, as reflected in the promising results both in preclinical studies and clinical trials obtained. In order to enhance the immune response, the combination of immunotherapy with nanoparticles has been conducted, improving the access of immune cells to the tumor, antigen presentation, as well as the induction of persistent immune responses. Therefore, nanomedicine holds an enormous potential to enhance the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. Here, we review the most recent advances in specific molecular and cellular immunotherapy and in nano-immunotherapy against cancer in the light of the latest published preclinical studies and clinical trials. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T09:52:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-61ae30b5083743feb8847aabd49c9e8a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T09:52:50Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-61ae30b5083743feb8847aabd49c9e8a2024-01-29T13:58:02ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672024-01-01252119510.3390/ijms25021195Cancer Nano-Immunotherapy: The Novel and Promising Weapon to Fight CancerDaniel J. García-Domínguez0Soledad López-Enríquez1Gonzalo Alba2Carmen Garnacho3Carlos Jiménez-Cortegana4Rocío Flores-Campos5Luis de la Cruz-Merino6Nabil Hajji7Víctor Sánchez-Margalet8Lourdes Hontecillas-Prieto9Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, SpainDepartment of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, SpainDepartment of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, SpainDepartment of Normal and Pathological Cytology and Histology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, SpainDepartment of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, SpainDepartment of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, SpainInstitute of Biomedicine of Seville, IBiS, 41013 Seville, SpainDepartment of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, SpainDepartment of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, SpainDepartment of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, SpainCancer is a complex disease that, despite advances in treatment and the greater understanding of the tumor biology until today, continues to be a prevalent and lethal disease. Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery are the conventional treatments, which have increased the survival for cancer patients. However, the complexity of this disease together with the persistent problems due to tumor progression and recurrence, drug resistance, or side effects of therapy make it necessary to explore new strategies that address the challenges to obtain a positive response. One important point is that tumor cells can interact with the microenvironment, promoting proliferation, dissemination, and immune evasion. Therefore, immunotherapy has emerged as a novel therapy based on the modulation of the immune system for combating cancer, as reflected in the promising results both in preclinical studies and clinical trials obtained. In order to enhance the immune response, the combination of immunotherapy with nanoparticles has been conducted, improving the access of immune cells to the tumor, antigen presentation, as well as the induction of persistent immune responses. Therefore, nanomedicine holds an enormous potential to enhance the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. Here, we review the most recent advances in specific molecular and cellular immunotherapy and in nano-immunotherapy against cancer in the light of the latest published preclinical studies and clinical trials.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/2/1195cancerimmunotherapynanomedicineclinical trials |
| spellingShingle | Daniel J. García-Domínguez Soledad López-Enríquez Gonzalo Alba Carmen Garnacho Carlos Jiménez-Cortegana Rocío Flores-Campos Luis de la Cruz-Merino Nabil Hajji Víctor Sánchez-Margalet Lourdes Hontecillas-Prieto Cancer Nano-Immunotherapy: The Novel and Promising Weapon to Fight Cancer International Journal of Molecular Sciences cancer immunotherapy nanomedicine clinical trials |
| title | Cancer Nano-Immunotherapy: The Novel and Promising Weapon to Fight Cancer |
| title_full | Cancer Nano-Immunotherapy: The Novel and Promising Weapon to Fight Cancer |
| title_fullStr | Cancer Nano-Immunotherapy: The Novel and Promising Weapon to Fight Cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cancer Nano-Immunotherapy: The Novel and Promising Weapon to Fight Cancer |
| title_short | Cancer Nano-Immunotherapy: The Novel and Promising Weapon to Fight Cancer |
| title_sort | cancer nano immunotherapy the novel and promising weapon to fight cancer |
| topic | cancer immunotherapy nanomedicine clinical trials |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/2/1195 |
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