Citrus black spot is absent in the Western Cape, Northern Cape and Free State Provinces
The South African citrus industry is strongly focused on exports and South Africa is a signatory member of both the World Trade Organisation Agreement on the application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures and the International Plant Protection Convention. Citrus black spot, caused by Guignard...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Academy of Science of South Africa
2012-06-01
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| Series: | South African Journal of Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://archive.sajs.co.za/index.php/SAJS/article/view/876 |
| _version_ | 1818161919960285184 |
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| author | Elma Carstens Hendrik F. le Roux Michael A. Holtzhausen Liezl van Rooyen Joey Coetzee Ria Wentzel Wilhelm Laubscher Zorina Dawood Elrita Venter Gerhardus C. Schutte Paul H. Fourie Vaughan Hattingh |
| author_facet | Elma Carstens Hendrik F. le Roux Michael A. Holtzhausen Liezl van Rooyen Joey Coetzee Ria Wentzel Wilhelm Laubscher Zorina Dawood Elrita Venter Gerhardus C. Schutte Paul H. Fourie Vaughan Hattingh |
| author_sort | Elma Carstens |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The South African citrus industry is strongly focused on exports and South Africa is a signatory member of both the World Trade Organisation Agreement on the application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures and the International Plant Protection Convention. Citrus black spot, caused by Guignardia citricarpa, does not occur in all the South African citrus production areas and, therefore, South Africa has a responsibility to provide those trading partners that have identified G. citricarpa as a regulated pest with reliable information about the distribution of citrus black spot within South Africa. Detection surveys were conducted in citrus production areas in the Western Cape, Northern Cape and Free State Provinces and appropriate diagnostic protocols were used to ensure reliable detection of G. citricarpa. Trees in commercial orchards and home gardens on farms and in towns of 17, 9 and 5 magisterial districts in the Western Cape, Northern Cape and Free State Provinces, respectively, were sampled between 1995 and 2010. Fruit samples were taken during June and July, and leaf samples from November to January. None of the 3060 fruit and leaf samples collected during these surveys tested positive for G. citricarpa. Phyllosticta capitalensis, a non-pathogenic, ubiquitous, endophytic species was, however, detected during these surveys. In compliance with relevant International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures and based on the outcome of these official surveys, these three provinces in South Africa can be recognised as citrus black spot pest free areas. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T16:25:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-61b7ae2fe37e4dacac295874b0897cbd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0038-2353 1996-7489 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T16:25:26Z |
| publishDate | 2012-06-01 |
| publisher | Academy of Science of South Africa |
| record_format | Article |
| series | South African Journal of Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-61b7ae2fe37e4dacac295874b0897cbd2022-12-22T00:58:44ZengAcademy of Science of South AfricaSouth African Journal of Science0038-23531996-74892012-06-011087/810.4102/sajs.v108i7/8.876876Citrus black spot is absent in the Western Cape, Northern Cape and Free State ProvincesElma Carstens0Hendrik F. le Roux1Michael A. Holtzhausen2Liezl van Rooyen3Joey Coetzee4Ria Wentzel5Wilhelm Laubscher6Zorina Dawood7Elrita Venter8Gerhardus C. Schutte9Paul H. Fourie10Vaughan Hattingh11Department of Plant Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch Citrus Research International, NelspruitCitrus Research International, NelspruitDepartment of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, PretoriaDepartment of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, PretoriaDepartment of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, PretoriaDepartment of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, PretoriaDepartment of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, PretoriaDepartment of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, PretoriaAlternafruit, PaarlDepartment of Plant Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch Citrus Research International, NelspruitDepartment of Plant Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch Citrus Research International, NelspruitCitrus Research International, Nelspruit Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, StellenboschThe South African citrus industry is strongly focused on exports and South Africa is a signatory member of both the World Trade Organisation Agreement on the application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures and the International Plant Protection Convention. Citrus black spot, caused by Guignardia citricarpa, does not occur in all the South African citrus production areas and, therefore, South Africa has a responsibility to provide those trading partners that have identified G. citricarpa as a regulated pest with reliable information about the distribution of citrus black spot within South Africa. Detection surveys were conducted in citrus production areas in the Western Cape, Northern Cape and Free State Provinces and appropriate diagnostic protocols were used to ensure reliable detection of G. citricarpa. Trees in commercial orchards and home gardens on farms and in towns of 17, 9 and 5 magisterial districts in the Western Cape, Northern Cape and Free State Provinces, respectively, were sampled between 1995 and 2010. Fruit samples were taken during June and July, and leaf samples from November to January. None of the 3060 fruit and leaf samples collected during these surveys tested positive for G. citricarpa. Phyllosticta capitalensis, a non-pathogenic, ubiquitous, endophytic species was, however, detected during these surveys. In compliance with relevant International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures and based on the outcome of these official surveys, these three provinces in South Africa can be recognised as citrus black spot pest free areas.http://archive.sajs.co.za/index.php/SAJS/article/view/876citrus fruitpest free areasquarantinephytosanitarytrade regulation |
| spellingShingle | Elma Carstens Hendrik F. le Roux Michael A. Holtzhausen Liezl van Rooyen Joey Coetzee Ria Wentzel Wilhelm Laubscher Zorina Dawood Elrita Venter Gerhardus C. Schutte Paul H. Fourie Vaughan Hattingh Citrus black spot is absent in the Western Cape, Northern Cape and Free State Provinces South African Journal of Science citrus fruit pest free areas quarantine phytosanitary trade regulation |
| title | Citrus black spot is absent in the Western Cape, Northern Cape and Free State Provinces |
| title_full | Citrus black spot is absent in the Western Cape, Northern Cape and Free State Provinces |
| title_fullStr | Citrus black spot is absent in the Western Cape, Northern Cape and Free State Provinces |
| title_full_unstemmed | Citrus black spot is absent in the Western Cape, Northern Cape and Free State Provinces |
| title_short | Citrus black spot is absent in the Western Cape, Northern Cape and Free State Provinces |
| title_sort | citrus black spot is absent in the western cape northern cape and free state provinces |
| topic | citrus fruit pest free areas quarantine phytosanitary trade regulation |
| url | http://archive.sajs.co.za/index.php/SAJS/article/view/876 |
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