Mechanisms involved in the anti-tumor effects of Toosendanin in glioma cells
Abstract Background Toosendanin (TSN) is a triterpenoid compound mainly used as an ascaris repellant. Recent studies have shown that it possesses antitumor effects in many types of tumor cells. However, the effects of TSN on glioma cells have rarely been reported. Methods Different assays were perfo...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Cancer Cell International |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12935-021-02186-2 |
| _version_ | 1818715984960159744 |
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| author | Chaochao Zhang Haijun Gao Ziqiang Liu Jiacheng Lai Zhixin Zhan Yong Chen Haiyan Huang |
| author_facet | Chaochao Zhang Haijun Gao Ziqiang Liu Jiacheng Lai Zhixin Zhan Yong Chen Haiyan Huang |
| author_sort | Chaochao Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Toosendanin (TSN) is a triterpenoid compound mainly used as an ascaris repellant. Recent studies have shown that it possesses antitumor effects in many types of tumor cells. However, the effects of TSN on glioma cells have rarely been reported. Methods Different assays were performed to investigate the effects of TSN on the different glioma cell lines including U87MG and LN18. The assays included colony formation, wound healing, and transwell assays. Furthermore, Hoechst 33342 staining, flow cytometry, and western blotting analysis were performed to investigate the apoptotic activities of TSN. Finally, the results were confirmed using a xenograft tumor model that comprised of nude mice. Results In vitro, the CCK-8 and colony formation assays showed that TSN effectively inhibited glioma cell proliferation. Moreover, the inhibitory effects on glioma cell migration and invasion were demonstrated through the wound healing and transwell assays, respectively. Hoechst 33342 staining, flow cytometry, and western blotting assays demonstrated the significant effect of TSN in the apoptosis induction of glioma cells. Furthermore, the anti-glioma effect of TSN was exerted through the inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways as demonstrated by western blotting analysis. In addition, the effects of TSN on glioma cell viability, apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, migration, and invasion were reversed by 740Y-P, a PI3K activator. Finally, the mouse xenograft model confirmed the suppressive effect of TSN on tumor growth in vivo. Conclusion Our results suggest that TSN is a promising chemotherapeutic drug for patients with glioma. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T19:12:03Z |
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| id | doaj.art-61c95ef16c054dd49d35b87323fd63e2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1475-2867 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T19:12:03Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancer Cell International |
| spelling | doaj.art-61c95ef16c054dd49d35b87323fd63e22022-12-21T21:35:50ZengBMCCancer Cell International1475-28672021-09-0121111310.1186/s12935-021-02186-2Mechanisms involved in the anti-tumor effects of Toosendanin in glioma cellsChaochao Zhang0Haijun Gao1Ziqiang Liu2Jiacheng Lai3Zhixin Zhan4Yong Chen5Haiyan Huang6Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin UniversityDepartment of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin UniversityDepartment of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin UniversityDepartment of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin UniversityDepartment of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin UniversityDepartment of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin UniversityDepartment of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin UniversityAbstract Background Toosendanin (TSN) is a triterpenoid compound mainly used as an ascaris repellant. Recent studies have shown that it possesses antitumor effects in many types of tumor cells. However, the effects of TSN on glioma cells have rarely been reported. Methods Different assays were performed to investigate the effects of TSN on the different glioma cell lines including U87MG and LN18. The assays included colony formation, wound healing, and transwell assays. Furthermore, Hoechst 33342 staining, flow cytometry, and western blotting analysis were performed to investigate the apoptotic activities of TSN. Finally, the results were confirmed using a xenograft tumor model that comprised of nude mice. Results In vitro, the CCK-8 and colony formation assays showed that TSN effectively inhibited glioma cell proliferation. Moreover, the inhibitory effects on glioma cell migration and invasion were demonstrated through the wound healing and transwell assays, respectively. Hoechst 33342 staining, flow cytometry, and western blotting assays demonstrated the significant effect of TSN in the apoptosis induction of glioma cells. Furthermore, the anti-glioma effect of TSN was exerted through the inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways as demonstrated by western blotting analysis. In addition, the effects of TSN on glioma cell viability, apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, migration, and invasion were reversed by 740Y-P, a PI3K activator. Finally, the mouse xenograft model confirmed the suppressive effect of TSN on tumor growth in vivo. Conclusion Our results suggest that TSN is a promising chemotherapeutic drug for patients with glioma.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12935-021-02186-2ToosendaninGliomaApoptosisProliferationPI3KAkt |
| spellingShingle | Chaochao Zhang Haijun Gao Ziqiang Liu Jiacheng Lai Zhixin Zhan Yong Chen Haiyan Huang Mechanisms involved in the anti-tumor effects of Toosendanin in glioma cells Cancer Cell International Toosendanin Glioma Apoptosis Proliferation PI3K Akt |
| title | Mechanisms involved in the anti-tumor effects of Toosendanin in glioma cells |
| title_full | Mechanisms involved in the anti-tumor effects of Toosendanin in glioma cells |
| title_fullStr | Mechanisms involved in the anti-tumor effects of Toosendanin in glioma cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mechanisms involved in the anti-tumor effects of Toosendanin in glioma cells |
| title_short | Mechanisms involved in the anti-tumor effects of Toosendanin in glioma cells |
| title_sort | mechanisms involved in the anti tumor effects of toosendanin in glioma cells |
| topic | Toosendanin Glioma Apoptosis Proliferation PI3K Akt |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12935-021-02186-2 |
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