Gluten-Free Diet: Nutritional Strategies to Improve Eating Habits in Children with Celiac Disease: A Prospective, Single-arm Intervention Study
Background: Elimination of gluten-containing cereals and consumption of ultra-processed gluten-free foods might cause an unbalanced diet, deficient in fiber and rich in sugar and fat, circumstances that may predispose celiac children to chronic constipation. Aim: to evaluate if counseling with a reg...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/4/1108 |
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| author | Marta Suárez-González Carlos Bousoño-García Santiago Jiménez-Treviño Juan José Díaz-Martín |
| author_facet | Marta Suárez-González Carlos Bousoño-García Santiago Jiménez-Treviño Juan José Díaz-Martín |
| author_sort | Marta Suárez-González |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Elimination of gluten-containing cereals and consumption of ultra-processed gluten-free foods might cause an unbalanced diet, deficient in fiber and rich in sugar and fat, circumstances that may predispose celiac children to chronic constipation. Aim: to evaluate if counseling with a registered dietitian (RD) was capable of improving eating and bowel habits in a celiac pediatric population. Methods: Dietetic, lipid profile and stool modifications were analyzed, comparing baseline assessments with those twelve months after receiving heathy eating and nutrition education sessions. At both time points, 3-day food records, a bowel habit record and a lipid panel were conducted. Calculated relative intake of macro- and micro-nutrients were compared with current recommendations by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Student’s paired <i>t</i>-test, McNemar test, Mandasky test and Pearson correlation tests were used. Results: Seventy-two subjects (58.3% girls) with a mean (standard deviation (SD)) age of 10.2 (3.4) years were included. Baseline diets were imbalanced in macronutrient composition. Significant improvements were observed in their compliance with dietary reference values (DRVs), where 50% of the subjects met fat requirements after the education and 67% and 49% with those of carbohydrates and fiber, respectively (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Celiac children decreased red meat and ultra-processed foods consumption (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and increased fruits and vegetables intake (<i>p</i> < 0.001), leading to a reduction in saturated fat (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and sugar intake (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Furthermore, 92% of the patients achieved a normal bowel habit, including absence of hard stools in 80% of children constipated at baseline (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Conclusions: RD-led nutrition education is able to improve eating patterns in children with celiac disease (CD). |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:50:18Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:50:18Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-61d5839842fc4fb19cf698bc78f787642023-11-21T13:09:12ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432021-03-01134110810.3390/nu13041108Gluten-Free Diet: Nutritional Strategies to Improve Eating Habits in Children with Celiac Disease: A Prospective, Single-arm Intervention StudyMarta Suárez-González0Carlos Bousoño-García1Santiago Jiménez-Treviño2Juan José Díaz-Martín3Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Unit, Central University Hospital of Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias. Av. Roma, s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, SpainPediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Unit, Central University Hospital of Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias. Av. Roma, s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, SpainPediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Unit, Central University Hospital of Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias. Av. Roma, s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, SpainPediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Unit, Central University Hospital of Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias. Av. Roma, s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, SpainBackground: Elimination of gluten-containing cereals and consumption of ultra-processed gluten-free foods might cause an unbalanced diet, deficient in fiber and rich in sugar and fat, circumstances that may predispose celiac children to chronic constipation. Aim: to evaluate if counseling with a registered dietitian (RD) was capable of improving eating and bowel habits in a celiac pediatric population. Methods: Dietetic, lipid profile and stool modifications were analyzed, comparing baseline assessments with those twelve months after receiving heathy eating and nutrition education sessions. At both time points, 3-day food records, a bowel habit record and a lipid panel were conducted. Calculated relative intake of macro- and micro-nutrients were compared with current recommendations by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Student’s paired <i>t</i>-test, McNemar test, Mandasky test and Pearson correlation tests were used. Results: Seventy-two subjects (58.3% girls) with a mean (standard deviation (SD)) age of 10.2 (3.4) years were included. Baseline diets were imbalanced in macronutrient composition. Significant improvements were observed in their compliance with dietary reference values (DRVs), where 50% of the subjects met fat requirements after the education and 67% and 49% with those of carbohydrates and fiber, respectively (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Celiac children decreased red meat and ultra-processed foods consumption (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and increased fruits and vegetables intake (<i>p</i> < 0.001), leading to a reduction in saturated fat (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and sugar intake (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Furthermore, 92% of the patients achieved a normal bowel habit, including absence of hard stools in 80% of children constipated at baseline (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Conclusions: RD-led nutrition education is able to improve eating patterns in children with celiac disease (CD).https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/4/1108dietitiannutritional managementhealthy eatinggluten-free dietdietary therapy |
| spellingShingle | Marta Suárez-González Carlos Bousoño-García Santiago Jiménez-Treviño Juan José Díaz-Martín Gluten-Free Diet: Nutritional Strategies to Improve Eating Habits in Children with Celiac Disease: A Prospective, Single-arm Intervention Study Nutrients dietitian nutritional management healthy eating gluten-free diet dietary therapy |
| title | Gluten-Free Diet: Nutritional Strategies to Improve Eating Habits in Children with Celiac Disease: A Prospective, Single-arm Intervention Study |
| title_full | Gluten-Free Diet: Nutritional Strategies to Improve Eating Habits in Children with Celiac Disease: A Prospective, Single-arm Intervention Study |
| title_fullStr | Gluten-Free Diet: Nutritional Strategies to Improve Eating Habits in Children with Celiac Disease: A Prospective, Single-arm Intervention Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gluten-Free Diet: Nutritional Strategies to Improve Eating Habits in Children with Celiac Disease: A Prospective, Single-arm Intervention Study |
| title_short | Gluten-Free Diet: Nutritional Strategies to Improve Eating Habits in Children with Celiac Disease: A Prospective, Single-arm Intervention Study |
| title_sort | gluten free diet nutritional strategies to improve eating habits in children with celiac disease a prospective single arm intervention study |
| topic | dietitian nutritional management healthy eating gluten-free diet dietary therapy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/4/1108 |
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