Symmetric Aqueous Batteries of Titanium Hexacyanoferrate in Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, and Mg<sup>2+</sup> Media
Symmetric batteries, in which the same active material is used for the positive and the negative electrode, simplifying the manufacture process and reducing the fabrication cost, have attracted extensive interest for large-scale stationary energy storage. In this paper, we propose a symmetric batter...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-12-01
|
| Series: | Batteries |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/8/1/1 |
| _version_ | 1811272869566480384 |
|---|---|
| author | Min Li Alessandro Bina Mariam Maisuradze Marco Giorgetti |
| author_facet | Min Li Alessandro Bina Mariam Maisuradze Marco Giorgetti |
| author_sort | Min Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Symmetric batteries, in which the same active material is used for the positive and the negative electrode, simplifying the manufacture process and reducing the fabrication cost, have attracted extensive interest for large-scale stationary energy storage. In this paper, we propose a symmetric battery based on titanium hexacyanoferrate (TiHCF) with two well-separated redox peaks of Fe<sup>3+</sup>/Fe<sup>2+</sup> and Ti<sup>4+</sup>/Ti<sup>3+</sup> and tested it in aqueous Na-ion/ K-ion/Mg-ion electrolytes. The result shows that all the symmetric batteries exhibit a voltage plateau centered at around 0.6 V, with discharge capacity around 30 mAhg<sup>−1</sup> at C/5. Compared to a Mg-ion electrolyte, the TiHCF symmetric batteries in Na-ion and K-ion electrolytes have better stability. The calculated diffusion coefficient of Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, and Mg<sup>2+</sup> are in the same order of magnitude, which indicates that the three-dimensional ionic channels and interstices in the lattice of TiHCF are large enough for an efficient Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup> and Mg<sup>2+</sup> insertion and extraction. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T22:49:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-61de158318e34287b7793a5a8bd9fb1b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2313-0105 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T22:49:11Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Batteries |
| spelling | doaj.art-61de158318e34287b7793a5a8bd9fb1b2022-12-22T03:13:26ZengMDPI AGBatteries2313-01052021-12-0181110.3390/batteries8010001Symmetric Aqueous Batteries of Titanium Hexacyanoferrate in Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, and Mg<sup>2+</sup> MediaMin Li0Alessandro Bina1Mariam Maisuradze2Marco Giorgetti3Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, ItalySymmetric batteries, in which the same active material is used for the positive and the negative electrode, simplifying the manufacture process and reducing the fabrication cost, have attracted extensive interest for large-scale stationary energy storage. In this paper, we propose a symmetric battery based on titanium hexacyanoferrate (TiHCF) with two well-separated redox peaks of Fe<sup>3+</sup>/Fe<sup>2+</sup> and Ti<sup>4+</sup>/Ti<sup>3+</sup> and tested it in aqueous Na-ion/ K-ion/Mg-ion electrolytes. The result shows that all the symmetric batteries exhibit a voltage plateau centered at around 0.6 V, with discharge capacity around 30 mAhg<sup>−1</sup> at C/5. Compared to a Mg-ion electrolyte, the TiHCF symmetric batteries in Na-ion and K-ion electrolytes have better stability. The calculated diffusion coefficient of Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, and Mg<sup>2+</sup> are in the same order of magnitude, which indicates that the three-dimensional ionic channels and interstices in the lattice of TiHCF are large enough for an efficient Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup> and Mg<sup>2+</sup> insertion and extraction.https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/8/1/1symmetric batterytitanium hexacyanoferrateaqueous Na-ion/ K-ion/ Mg-ion batteries |
| spellingShingle | Min Li Alessandro Bina Mariam Maisuradze Marco Giorgetti Symmetric Aqueous Batteries of Titanium Hexacyanoferrate in Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, and Mg<sup>2+</sup> Media Batteries symmetric battery titanium hexacyanoferrate aqueous Na-ion/ K-ion/ Mg-ion batteries |
| title | Symmetric Aqueous Batteries of Titanium Hexacyanoferrate in Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, and Mg<sup>2+</sup> Media |
| title_full | Symmetric Aqueous Batteries of Titanium Hexacyanoferrate in Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, and Mg<sup>2+</sup> Media |
| title_fullStr | Symmetric Aqueous Batteries of Titanium Hexacyanoferrate in Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, and Mg<sup>2+</sup> Media |
| title_full_unstemmed | Symmetric Aqueous Batteries of Titanium Hexacyanoferrate in Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, and Mg<sup>2+</sup> Media |
| title_short | Symmetric Aqueous Batteries of Titanium Hexacyanoferrate in Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, and Mg<sup>2+</sup> Media |
| title_sort | symmetric aqueous batteries of titanium hexacyanoferrate in na sup sup k sup sup and mg sup 2 sup media |
| topic | symmetric battery titanium hexacyanoferrate aqueous Na-ion/ K-ion/ Mg-ion batteries |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/8/1/1 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT minli symmetricaqueousbatteriesoftitaniumhexacyanoferrateinnasupsupksupsupandmgsup2supmedia AT alessandrobina symmetricaqueousbatteriesoftitaniumhexacyanoferrateinnasupsupksupsupandmgsup2supmedia AT mariammaisuradze symmetricaqueousbatteriesoftitaniumhexacyanoferrateinnasupsupksupsupandmgsup2supmedia AT marcogiorgetti symmetricaqueousbatteriesoftitaniumhexacyanoferrateinnasupsupksupsupandmgsup2supmedia |