Comparison of Antibacterial Activities of Korean Pine (<i>Pinus densiflora</i>) Needle Steam Distillation Extract on <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Focusing on Membrane Fluidity and Genes Involved in Membrane Lipids and Stress
The antibacterial activity and mechanism of <i>Pinus densiflora</i> extracts against <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> were investigated. The growth inhibition tests of paper diffusion and optical density exhibited that the extracts have pot...
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/1/165 |
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| author | Ya Zhang Woo-Kyung Chung Su-Hyun Moon Jeoung-Gyu Lee Ae-Son Om |
| author_facet | Ya Zhang Woo-Kyung Chung Su-Hyun Moon Jeoung-Gyu Lee Ae-Son Om |
| author_sort | Ya Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The antibacterial activity and mechanism of <i>Pinus densiflora</i> extracts against <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> were investigated. The growth inhibition tests of paper diffusion and optical density exhibited that the extracts have potent antibacterial potentials against foodborne pathogens. The measurement of membrane fluidity by fluorescence polarization has indicated that one of the antibacterial mechanisms involves the disruption of membrane integrity resulting in an increase in the membrane fluidity in both of <i>E. coli</i> and <i>S. aureus</i>. The alteration of fatty acid composition was accompanied by the disturbance of membranes thus shifting the proportion of saturated verses unsaturated fatty acids or trans fatty acids from 1.27:1 to 1.35:1 in <i>E. coli</i> and 1.47:1 to 2.31:1 in <i>S. aureus</i>, most likely to compensate for the increased membrane fluidity by means of a higher proportion of saturated fatty acids which is known to render rigidity in membranes. Realtime q-PCR (polymerase chain reaction) analysis of fatty acid synthetic genes and bacterial stress genes revealed that there was minimal influence of <i>P. densiflora</i> extracts on fatty acid genes except for <i>fab I</i> and the stress <i>rpos</i> in <i>E. coli</i>, and relatively greater impact on fatty acid genes and the stress <i>sigB</i> in <i>S. aureus</i>. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T15:01:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-61ea3270f0bc4cb2843238ce627b0fe9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T15:01:20Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-61ea3270f0bc4cb2843238ce627b0fe92024-01-10T15:04:22ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-12-0129116510.3390/molecules29010165Comparison of Antibacterial Activities of Korean Pine (<i>Pinus densiflora</i>) Needle Steam Distillation Extract on <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Focusing on Membrane Fluidity and Genes Involved in Membrane Lipids and StressYa Zhang0Woo-Kyung Chung1Su-Hyun Moon2Jeoung-Gyu Lee3Ae-Son Om4Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seoul 04736, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seoul 04736, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seoul 04736, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seoul 04736, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seoul 04736, Republic of KoreaThe antibacterial activity and mechanism of <i>Pinus densiflora</i> extracts against <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> were investigated. The growth inhibition tests of paper diffusion and optical density exhibited that the extracts have potent antibacterial potentials against foodborne pathogens. The measurement of membrane fluidity by fluorescence polarization has indicated that one of the antibacterial mechanisms involves the disruption of membrane integrity resulting in an increase in the membrane fluidity in both of <i>E. coli</i> and <i>S. aureus</i>. The alteration of fatty acid composition was accompanied by the disturbance of membranes thus shifting the proportion of saturated verses unsaturated fatty acids or trans fatty acids from 1.27:1 to 1.35:1 in <i>E. coli</i> and 1.47:1 to 2.31:1 in <i>S. aureus</i>, most likely to compensate for the increased membrane fluidity by means of a higher proportion of saturated fatty acids which is known to render rigidity in membranes. Realtime q-PCR (polymerase chain reaction) analysis of fatty acid synthetic genes and bacterial stress genes revealed that there was minimal influence of <i>P. densiflora</i> extracts on fatty acid genes except for <i>fab I</i> and the stress <i>rpos</i> in <i>E. coli</i>, and relatively greater impact on fatty acid genes and the stress <i>sigB</i> in <i>S. aureus</i>.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/1/165antibacterial activitymechanism<i>Pinus densiflora</i>cell membranefatty acid genes |
| spellingShingle | Ya Zhang Woo-Kyung Chung Su-Hyun Moon Jeoung-Gyu Lee Ae-Son Om Comparison of Antibacterial Activities of Korean Pine (<i>Pinus densiflora</i>) Needle Steam Distillation Extract on <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Focusing on Membrane Fluidity and Genes Involved in Membrane Lipids and Stress Molecules antibacterial activity mechanism <i>Pinus densiflora</i> cell membrane fatty acid genes |
| title | Comparison of Antibacterial Activities of Korean Pine (<i>Pinus densiflora</i>) Needle Steam Distillation Extract on <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Focusing on Membrane Fluidity and Genes Involved in Membrane Lipids and Stress |
| title_full | Comparison of Antibacterial Activities of Korean Pine (<i>Pinus densiflora</i>) Needle Steam Distillation Extract on <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Focusing on Membrane Fluidity and Genes Involved in Membrane Lipids and Stress |
| title_fullStr | Comparison of Antibacterial Activities of Korean Pine (<i>Pinus densiflora</i>) Needle Steam Distillation Extract on <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Focusing on Membrane Fluidity and Genes Involved in Membrane Lipids and Stress |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparison of Antibacterial Activities of Korean Pine (<i>Pinus densiflora</i>) Needle Steam Distillation Extract on <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Focusing on Membrane Fluidity and Genes Involved in Membrane Lipids and Stress |
| title_short | Comparison of Antibacterial Activities of Korean Pine (<i>Pinus densiflora</i>) Needle Steam Distillation Extract on <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Focusing on Membrane Fluidity and Genes Involved in Membrane Lipids and Stress |
| title_sort | comparison of antibacterial activities of korean pine i pinus densiflora i needle steam distillation extract on i escherichia coli i and i staphylococcus aureus i focusing on membrane fluidity and genes involved in membrane lipids and stress |
| topic | antibacterial activity mechanism <i>Pinus densiflora</i> cell membrane fatty acid genes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/1/165 |
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