DHA involvement in neurotransmission process
The very high enrichment of the nervous system in the polyunsaturated fatty acids, arachidonic (AA, 20: 4n-6) and docosahexaenoic acids (DHA, 22: 6n-3), is dependant of the dietary availability of their respective precursors, linoleic (18: 2n-6) and_-linolenic acids (18: 3n-3). Inadequate amounts of...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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EDP Sciences
2007-05-01
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| Series: | Oléagineux, Corps gras, Lipides |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ocl.2007.0116 |
| _version_ | 1818665010692358144 |
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| author | Vancassel Sylvie Aïd Sabah Denis Isabelle Guesnet Philippe Lavialle Monique |
| author_facet | Vancassel Sylvie Aïd Sabah Denis Isabelle Guesnet Philippe Lavialle Monique |
| author_sort | Vancassel Sylvie |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The very high enrichment of the nervous system in the polyunsaturated fatty acids, arachidonic (AA, 20: 4n-6) and docosahexaenoic acids (DHA, 22: 6n-3), is dependant of the dietary availability of their respective precursors, linoleic (18: 2n-6) and_-linolenic acids (18: 3n-3). Inadequate amounts of DHA in brain membranes have been linked to a wide variety of abnormalities ranging from visual acuity and learning irregularities, to psychopathologies. However, the molecular mechanisms involved remain unknown. Several years ago, we hypothesized that a modification of DHA contents of neuronal membranes by dietary modulation could change the neurotransmission function and then underlie inappropriate behavioural response. We showed that, in parallel to a severe loss of brain DHA concomitant to a compensatory substitution by 22:5n-6, the dietary lack of α-linolenic acid during development induced important changes in the release of neurotransmitters (dopamine, serotonin, acetylcholine) in cerebral areas specifically involved in learning, memory and reward processes. Data suggested alteration of presynaptic storage process and dysregulations of reciprocal functional interactions between monoaminergic and cholinergic pathways. Moreover, we showed that recovery of these neurochemical changes was possible when the deficient diet was switched to a diet balanced in n-3 and n-6 PUFA before weaning. The next step is to understand the mechanism involved. Particularly, we focus on the study of the metabolic cooperation between the endothelial cell, the astrocyte and the neuron which regulate synaptic transmission.These works could contribute to the understanding of the link between some neuropsychiatric disorders and the metabolism of n-3 PUFA, through their action on neurotransmission. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T05:41:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-61ee8c06e49646809224e4ec5e92663e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1258-8210 1950-697X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T05:41:50Z |
| publishDate | 2007-05-01 |
| publisher | EDP Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Oléagineux, Corps gras, Lipides |
| spelling | doaj.art-61ee8c06e49646809224e4ec5e92663e2022-12-21T22:01:25ZengEDP SciencesOléagineux, Corps gras, Lipides1258-82101950-697X2007-05-01143-416417010.1051/ocl.2007.0116ocl2007143-4p164DHA involvement in neurotransmission processVancassel SylvieAïd SabahDenis IsabelleGuesnet PhilippeLavialle MoniqueThe very high enrichment of the nervous system in the polyunsaturated fatty acids, arachidonic (AA, 20: 4n-6) and docosahexaenoic acids (DHA, 22: 6n-3), is dependant of the dietary availability of their respective precursors, linoleic (18: 2n-6) and_-linolenic acids (18: 3n-3). Inadequate amounts of DHA in brain membranes have been linked to a wide variety of abnormalities ranging from visual acuity and learning irregularities, to psychopathologies. However, the molecular mechanisms involved remain unknown. Several years ago, we hypothesized that a modification of DHA contents of neuronal membranes by dietary modulation could change the neurotransmission function and then underlie inappropriate behavioural response. We showed that, in parallel to a severe loss of brain DHA concomitant to a compensatory substitution by 22:5n-6, the dietary lack of α-linolenic acid during development induced important changes in the release of neurotransmitters (dopamine, serotonin, acetylcholine) in cerebral areas specifically involved in learning, memory and reward processes. Data suggested alteration of presynaptic storage process and dysregulations of reciprocal functional interactions between monoaminergic and cholinergic pathways. Moreover, we showed that recovery of these neurochemical changes was possible when the deficient diet was switched to a diet balanced in n-3 and n-6 PUFA before weaning. The next step is to understand the mechanism involved. Particularly, we focus on the study of the metabolic cooperation between the endothelial cell, the astrocyte and the neuron which regulate synaptic transmission.These works could contribute to the understanding of the link between some neuropsychiatric disorders and the metabolism of n-3 PUFA, through their action on neurotransmission.http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ocl.2007.0116acetylcholinebehaviourbrainDHAdopaminecentral nervous systemserotonin (5-HT) |
| spellingShingle | Vancassel Sylvie Aïd Sabah Denis Isabelle Guesnet Philippe Lavialle Monique DHA involvement in neurotransmission process Oléagineux, Corps gras, Lipides acetylcholine behaviour brain DHA dopamine central nervous system serotonin (5-HT) |
| title | DHA involvement in neurotransmission process |
| title_full | DHA involvement in neurotransmission process |
| title_fullStr | DHA involvement in neurotransmission process |
| title_full_unstemmed | DHA involvement in neurotransmission process |
| title_short | DHA involvement in neurotransmission process |
| title_sort | dha involvement in neurotransmission process |
| topic | acetylcholine behaviour brain DHA dopamine central nervous system serotonin (5-HT) |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ocl.2007.0116 |
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