Voltage-Controlled Spin-Orbit-Torque-Based Nonvolatile Flip-Flop Designs for Ultra-Low-Power Applications
Flip-flop (FF) serves as a fundamental unit in various sequential logic circuits and complex digital electronic systems for generating, transforming, and temporarily storing digital signals. Nonvolatility plays a crucial role in FFs by ensuring instant data recovery after unexpected data loss. Nonvo...
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MDPI AG
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/20/11316 |
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| author | Xiao Liu Erya Deng Lichuan Luo Linjun Jiang Youguang Zhang Dijun Liu Biao Pan Wang Kang |
| author_facet | Xiao Liu Erya Deng Lichuan Luo Linjun Jiang Youguang Zhang Dijun Liu Biao Pan Wang Kang |
| author_sort | Xiao Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Flip-flop (FF) serves as a fundamental unit in various sequential logic circuits and complex digital electronic systems for generating, transforming, and temporarily storing digital signals. Nonvolatility plays a crucial role in FFs by ensuring instant data recovery after unexpected data loss. Nonvolatile flip-flop can quickly recover in a self-powered environment, making it suitable for application environments such as the Internet of Things (IOT). Unfortunately, most existing nonvolatile FFs (NVFFs) suffer from extended delays and high energy consumption during data backup and restore operations. In this paper, we propose two innovative voltage-controlled nonvolatile FFs (VC-FFs), namely VC-DFF (voltage-controlled D-FF) and VC-SRFF (voltage-controlled SR-FF), which address these challenges using voltage-controlled spin-orbit torque (VC-SOT) devices. The proposed designs are evaluated using a 40 nm CMOS process. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed designs achieve significant improvements in write (recovery) energy consumption, with over 7.2× (1.54×) and 18.7× (2×) enhancements compared to their STT- and SOT-based counterparts, respectively. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:28:21Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-61fef27377f04450a0dd1c2cdd6c510f2023-11-19T15:30:31ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172023-10-0113201131610.3390/app132011316Voltage-Controlled Spin-Orbit-Torque-Based Nonvolatile Flip-Flop Designs for Ultra-Low-Power ApplicationsXiao Liu0Erya Deng1Lichuan Luo2Linjun Jiang3Youguang Zhang4Dijun Liu5Biao Pan6Wang Kang7School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, ChinaCollege of Electronic Information and Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, ChinaSchool of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, ChinaSchool of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Fert Beijing Institute, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, ChinaSchool of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, ChinaSchool of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, ChinaSchool of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Fert Beijing Institute, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, ChinaSchool of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Fert Beijing Institute, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, ChinaFlip-flop (FF) serves as a fundamental unit in various sequential logic circuits and complex digital electronic systems for generating, transforming, and temporarily storing digital signals. Nonvolatility plays a crucial role in FFs by ensuring instant data recovery after unexpected data loss. Nonvolatile flip-flop can quickly recover in a self-powered environment, making it suitable for application environments such as the Internet of Things (IOT). Unfortunately, most existing nonvolatile FFs (NVFFs) suffer from extended delays and high energy consumption during data backup and restore operations. In this paper, we propose two innovative voltage-controlled nonvolatile FFs (VC-FFs), namely VC-DFF (voltage-controlled D-FF) and VC-SRFF (voltage-controlled SR-FF), which address these challenges using voltage-controlled spin-orbit torque (VC-SOT) devices. The proposed designs are evaluated using a 40 nm CMOS process. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed designs achieve significant improvements in write (recovery) energy consumption, with over 7.2× (1.54×) and 18.7× (2×) enhancements compared to their STT- and SOT-based counterparts, respectively.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/20/11316nonvolatile flip-flop (NVFF)Internet of Things (IOT)voltage-controlled FF (VC-FF)voltage-controlled spin-orbit torque (VC-SOT) |
| spellingShingle | Xiao Liu Erya Deng Lichuan Luo Linjun Jiang Youguang Zhang Dijun Liu Biao Pan Wang Kang Voltage-Controlled Spin-Orbit-Torque-Based Nonvolatile Flip-Flop Designs for Ultra-Low-Power Applications Applied Sciences nonvolatile flip-flop (NVFF) Internet of Things (IOT) voltage-controlled FF (VC-FF) voltage-controlled spin-orbit torque (VC-SOT) |
| title | Voltage-Controlled Spin-Orbit-Torque-Based Nonvolatile Flip-Flop Designs for Ultra-Low-Power Applications |
| title_full | Voltage-Controlled Spin-Orbit-Torque-Based Nonvolatile Flip-Flop Designs for Ultra-Low-Power Applications |
| title_fullStr | Voltage-Controlled Spin-Orbit-Torque-Based Nonvolatile Flip-Flop Designs for Ultra-Low-Power Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Voltage-Controlled Spin-Orbit-Torque-Based Nonvolatile Flip-Flop Designs for Ultra-Low-Power Applications |
| title_short | Voltage-Controlled Spin-Orbit-Torque-Based Nonvolatile Flip-Flop Designs for Ultra-Low-Power Applications |
| title_sort | voltage controlled spin orbit torque based nonvolatile flip flop designs for ultra low power applications |
| topic | nonvolatile flip-flop (NVFF) Internet of Things (IOT) voltage-controlled FF (VC-FF) voltage-controlled spin-orbit torque (VC-SOT) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/20/11316 |
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