Risk factors for musculoskeletal injuries in the military: a qualitative systematic review of the literature from the past two decades and a new prioritizing injury model
Abstract Background Musculoskeletal injuries (MSkIs) are a leading cause of health care utilization, as well as limited duty and disability in the US military and other armed forces. MSkIs affect members of the military during initial training, operational training, and deployment and have a direct...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Military Medical Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40779-021-00357-w |
| _version_ | 1818723299580968960 |
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| author | Stefan Sammito Vedran Hadzic Thomas Karakolis Karen R. Kelly Susan P. Proctor Ainars Stepens Graham White Wes O. Zimmermann |
| author_facet | Stefan Sammito Vedran Hadzic Thomas Karakolis Karen R. Kelly Susan P. Proctor Ainars Stepens Graham White Wes O. Zimmermann |
| author_sort | Stefan Sammito |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Musculoskeletal injuries (MSkIs) are a leading cause of health care utilization, as well as limited duty and disability in the US military and other armed forces. MSkIs affect members of the military during initial training, operational training, and deployment and have a direct negative impact on overall troop readiness. Currently, a systematic overview of all risk factors for MSkIs in the military is not available. Methods A systematic literature search was carried out using the PubMed, Ovid/Medline, and Web of Science databases from January 1, 2000 to September 10, 2019. Additionally, a reference list scan was performed (using the “snowball method”). Thereafter, an international, multidisciplinary expert panel scored the level of evidence per risk factor, and a classification of modifiable/non-modifiable was made. Results In total, 176 original papers and 3 meta-analyses were included in the review. A list of 57 reported potential risk factors was formed. For 21 risk factors, the level of evidence was considered moderate or strong. Based on this literature review and an in-depth analysis, the expert panel developed a model to display the most relevant risk factors identified, introducing the idea of the “order of importance” and including concepts that are modifiable/non-modifiable, as well as extrinsic/intrinsic risk factors. Conclusions This is the qualitative systematic review of studies on risk factors for MSkIs in the military that has attempted to be all-inclusive. A total of 57 different potential risk factors were identified, and a new, prioritizing injury model was developed. This model may help us to understand risk factors that can be addressed, and in which order they should be prioritized when planning intervention strategies within military groups. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T21:08:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6212af9579e548de9db7f3bd05202a9c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2054-9369 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T21:08:19Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Military Medical Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-6212af9579e548de9db7f3bd05202a9c2022-12-21T21:32:31ZengBMCMilitary Medical Research2054-93692021-12-018114010.1186/s40779-021-00357-wRisk factors for musculoskeletal injuries in the military: a qualitative systematic review of the literature from the past two decades and a new prioritizing injury modelStefan Sammito0Vedran Hadzic1Thomas Karakolis2Karen R. Kelly3Susan P. Proctor4Ainars Stepens5Graham White6Wes O. Zimmermann7Section Experimental Aerospace Medicine Research, German Air Force Centre of Aerospace MedicineFaculty of Sport, University of LjubljanaDefence Research and Development CanadaWarfighter Performance, Naval Health Research CenterMilitary Performance Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental MedicineCentre for Military Medicine Research, Riga Stradins UniversityHuman and Social Sciences Group, Defense Science and Technology LaboratoryDepartment of Military Sports Medicine, Royal Netherlands ArmyAbstract Background Musculoskeletal injuries (MSkIs) are a leading cause of health care utilization, as well as limited duty and disability in the US military and other armed forces. MSkIs affect members of the military during initial training, operational training, and deployment and have a direct negative impact on overall troop readiness. Currently, a systematic overview of all risk factors for MSkIs in the military is not available. Methods A systematic literature search was carried out using the PubMed, Ovid/Medline, and Web of Science databases from January 1, 2000 to September 10, 2019. Additionally, a reference list scan was performed (using the “snowball method”). Thereafter, an international, multidisciplinary expert panel scored the level of evidence per risk factor, and a classification of modifiable/non-modifiable was made. Results In total, 176 original papers and 3 meta-analyses were included in the review. A list of 57 reported potential risk factors was formed. For 21 risk factors, the level of evidence was considered moderate or strong. Based on this literature review and an in-depth analysis, the expert panel developed a model to display the most relevant risk factors identified, introducing the idea of the “order of importance” and including concepts that are modifiable/non-modifiable, as well as extrinsic/intrinsic risk factors. Conclusions This is the qualitative systematic review of studies on risk factors for MSkIs in the military that has attempted to be all-inclusive. A total of 57 different potential risk factors were identified, and a new, prioritizing injury model was developed. This model may help us to understand risk factors that can be addressed, and in which order they should be prioritized when planning intervention strategies within military groups.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40779-021-00357-wMilitaryMusculoskeletal injuriesRisk factorsPreventionInterventionInjury |
| spellingShingle | Stefan Sammito Vedran Hadzic Thomas Karakolis Karen R. Kelly Susan P. Proctor Ainars Stepens Graham White Wes O. Zimmermann Risk factors for musculoskeletal injuries in the military: a qualitative systematic review of the literature from the past two decades and a new prioritizing injury model Military Medical Research Military Musculoskeletal injuries Risk factors Prevention Intervention Injury |
| title | Risk factors for musculoskeletal injuries in the military: a qualitative systematic review of the literature from the past two decades and a new prioritizing injury model |
| title_full | Risk factors for musculoskeletal injuries in the military: a qualitative systematic review of the literature from the past two decades and a new prioritizing injury model |
| title_fullStr | Risk factors for musculoskeletal injuries in the military: a qualitative systematic review of the literature from the past two decades and a new prioritizing injury model |
| title_full_unstemmed | Risk factors for musculoskeletal injuries in the military: a qualitative systematic review of the literature from the past two decades and a new prioritizing injury model |
| title_short | Risk factors for musculoskeletal injuries in the military: a qualitative systematic review of the literature from the past two decades and a new prioritizing injury model |
| title_sort | risk factors for musculoskeletal injuries in the military a qualitative systematic review of the literature from the past two decades and a new prioritizing injury model |
| topic | Military Musculoskeletal injuries Risk factors Prevention Intervention Injury |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40779-021-00357-w |
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