The Impact of Lead Patterns on Mean Profiles of Wind, Temperature, and Turbulent Fluxes in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer over Sea Ice
In the polar regions, the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) characteristics are strongly influenced by convection over leads, which are elongated channels in the sea ice covered ocean. The effects on the ABL depend on meteorological forcing and lead geometry. In non-convection-resolving models, in wh...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Atmosphere |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/1/148 |
| _version_ | 1797495814576144384 |
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| author | Janosch Michaelis Christof Lüpkes |
| author_facet | Janosch Michaelis Christof Lüpkes |
| author_sort | Janosch Michaelis |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the polar regions, the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) characteristics are strongly influenced by convection over leads, which are elongated channels in the sea ice covered ocean. The effects on the ABL depend on meteorological forcing and lead geometry. In non-convection-resolving models, in which several leads of potentially different characteristics might be present in a single grid cell, such surface characteristics and the corresponding ABL patterns are not resolved. Our main goal is to investigate potential implications for such models when these subgrid-scale patterns are not considered appropriately. We performed non-eddy-resolving microscale simulations over five different domains with leads of different widths separated by 100% sea ice. We also performed coarser-resolved simulations over a domain representing a few grid cells of a regional climate model, wherein leads were not resolved but accounted for via a fractional sea ice cover of 91% in each cell. Domain size and mean sea ice concentration were the same in all simulations. Differences in the domain-averaged ABL profiles and patterns of wind, temperature, and turbulent fluxes indicate a strong impact of both the leads and their geometry. Additional evaluations of different turbulence parameterizations show large effects by both gradient-independent heat transport and vertical entrainment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:54:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6217aae51fdc4a2a992c5a34dc063d6a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:54:57Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-6217aae51fdc4a2a992c5a34dc063d6a2023-11-23T12:57:58ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332022-01-0113114810.3390/atmos13010148The Impact of Lead Patterns on Mean Profiles of Wind, Temperature, and Turbulent Fluxes in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer over Sea IceJanosch Michaelis0Christof Lüpkes1Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, 27570 Bremerhaven, GermanyAlfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, 27570 Bremerhaven, GermanyIn the polar regions, the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) characteristics are strongly influenced by convection over leads, which are elongated channels in the sea ice covered ocean. The effects on the ABL depend on meteorological forcing and lead geometry. In non-convection-resolving models, in which several leads of potentially different characteristics might be present in a single grid cell, such surface characteristics and the corresponding ABL patterns are not resolved. Our main goal is to investigate potential implications for such models when these subgrid-scale patterns are not considered appropriately. We performed non-eddy-resolving microscale simulations over five different domains with leads of different widths separated by 100% sea ice. We also performed coarser-resolved simulations over a domain representing a few grid cells of a regional climate model, wherein leads were not resolved but accounted for via a fractional sea ice cover of 91% in each cell. Domain size and mean sea ice concentration were the same in all simulations. Differences in the domain-averaged ABL profiles and patterns of wind, temperature, and turbulent fluxes indicate a strong impact of both the leads and their geometry. Additional evaluations of different turbulence parameterizations show large effects by both gradient-independent heat transport and vertical entrainment.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/1/148atmospheric boundary layersea ice leadsturbulent fluxesmicroscale modelingregional climate modelingconvection over leads |
| spellingShingle | Janosch Michaelis Christof Lüpkes The Impact of Lead Patterns on Mean Profiles of Wind, Temperature, and Turbulent Fluxes in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer over Sea Ice Atmosphere atmospheric boundary layer sea ice leads turbulent fluxes microscale modeling regional climate modeling convection over leads |
| title | The Impact of Lead Patterns on Mean Profiles of Wind, Temperature, and Turbulent Fluxes in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer over Sea Ice |
| title_full | The Impact of Lead Patterns on Mean Profiles of Wind, Temperature, and Turbulent Fluxes in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer over Sea Ice |
| title_fullStr | The Impact of Lead Patterns on Mean Profiles of Wind, Temperature, and Turbulent Fluxes in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer over Sea Ice |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Impact of Lead Patterns on Mean Profiles of Wind, Temperature, and Turbulent Fluxes in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer over Sea Ice |
| title_short | The Impact of Lead Patterns on Mean Profiles of Wind, Temperature, and Turbulent Fluxes in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer over Sea Ice |
| title_sort | impact of lead patterns on mean profiles of wind temperature and turbulent fluxes in the atmospheric boundary layer over sea ice |
| topic | atmospheric boundary layer sea ice leads turbulent fluxes microscale modeling regional climate modeling convection over leads |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/1/148 |
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