Group-Based Trajectory Analysis for Postpartum Depression Symptoms among Chinese Primiparous Women
Background: Subgroups of individuals sharing similar patterns of postpartum depression (PPD) among Chinese women are unknown thus far. Using a group-based trajectory model, this study aimed to explore the subgroups of Chinese primiparous women that share similar patterns of PPD and to explore the pr...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/21/6249 |
| _version_ | 1797467782944653312 |
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| author | Juan Xiong Qiyu Fang Lingling Huang Xinyi Yan Xujuan Zheng |
| author_facet | Juan Xiong Qiyu Fang Lingling Huang Xinyi Yan Xujuan Zheng |
| author_sort | Juan Xiong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Subgroups of individuals sharing similar patterns of postpartum depression (PPD) among Chinese women are unknown thus far. Using a group-based trajectory model, this study aimed to explore the subgroups of Chinese primiparous women that share similar patterns of PPD and to explore the predictors of PPD trajectory membership over the course of the first six months postpartum. Methods: In total, 674 first-time Chinese mothers were recruited, and their depression status was assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) at four time points. Findings: Around 18.0% of participants belonging to Group 1 labeled as “few or no symptoms” remained stable, with an EPDS score of less than 5 during a six-month postpartum period. Almost one-third of subjects fell within the second trajectory, labeled “subclinical but present symptoms”, and peaked into the range of mild PPD but mostly stayed in the minimal range and had few or no PPD symptoms. Group 3 included 31.2% of women labeled “minor PPD status”, and their mean EPDS scores increased to a peak of 14.66 at six weeks postpartum. Group 4, with “major PPD status”, comprised 19.2% of the population, and the mean EPDS scores dramatically increased, reaching a peak of 19.59 at 12 weeks postpartum. Fewer types of support and not attending parenting training were associated with membership in the minor and major PPD status trajectories. Conclusions: Almost half of the Chinese new mothers in the study were found to fall into the two groups with minor or major PPD status trajectories, who should be given more attention and awareness from health professionals and researchers. Understanding predictors of group membership could help health providers to identify folks to prioritize getting connected to care as well as forming targeted interventions. Less degree of received support and not attending parenting training were identified to predict PPD trajectory membership. The regular, routine screening of PPD should be conducted at least 12 weeks postpartum, especially for new mothers in the major PPD status trajectory. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:58:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6238d6a2f0344d1d9fcc783b6174a50a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:58:37Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-6238d6a2f0344d1d9fcc783b6174a50a2023-11-24T05:14:42ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832022-10-011121624910.3390/jcm11216249Group-Based Trajectory Analysis for Postpartum Depression Symptoms among Chinese Primiparous WomenJuan Xiong0Qiyu Fang1Lingling Huang2Xinyi Yan3Xujuan Zheng4Health Science Centre, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, ChinaHealth Science Centre, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, ChinaHealth Science Centre, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, ChinaSchool of Nursing, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hongkong, Hong Kong, ChinaHealth Science Centre, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, ChinaBackground: Subgroups of individuals sharing similar patterns of postpartum depression (PPD) among Chinese women are unknown thus far. Using a group-based trajectory model, this study aimed to explore the subgroups of Chinese primiparous women that share similar patterns of PPD and to explore the predictors of PPD trajectory membership over the course of the first six months postpartum. Methods: In total, 674 first-time Chinese mothers were recruited, and their depression status was assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) at four time points. Findings: Around 18.0% of participants belonging to Group 1 labeled as “few or no symptoms” remained stable, with an EPDS score of less than 5 during a six-month postpartum period. Almost one-third of subjects fell within the second trajectory, labeled “subclinical but present symptoms”, and peaked into the range of mild PPD but mostly stayed in the minimal range and had few or no PPD symptoms. Group 3 included 31.2% of women labeled “minor PPD status”, and their mean EPDS scores increased to a peak of 14.66 at six weeks postpartum. Group 4, with “major PPD status”, comprised 19.2% of the population, and the mean EPDS scores dramatically increased, reaching a peak of 19.59 at 12 weeks postpartum. Fewer types of support and not attending parenting training were associated with membership in the minor and major PPD status trajectories. Conclusions: Almost half of the Chinese new mothers in the study were found to fall into the two groups with minor or major PPD status trajectories, who should be given more attention and awareness from health professionals and researchers. Understanding predictors of group membership could help health providers to identify folks to prioritize getting connected to care as well as forming targeted interventions. Less degree of received support and not attending parenting training were identified to predict PPD trajectory membership. The regular, routine screening of PPD should be conducted at least 12 weeks postpartum, especially for new mothers in the major PPD status trajectory.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/21/6249postpartum depressiontrajectory analysisprimiparous womengroup-based trajectory model |
| spellingShingle | Juan Xiong Qiyu Fang Lingling Huang Xinyi Yan Xujuan Zheng Group-Based Trajectory Analysis for Postpartum Depression Symptoms among Chinese Primiparous Women Journal of Clinical Medicine postpartum depression trajectory analysis primiparous women group-based trajectory model |
| title | Group-Based Trajectory Analysis for Postpartum Depression Symptoms among Chinese Primiparous Women |
| title_full | Group-Based Trajectory Analysis for Postpartum Depression Symptoms among Chinese Primiparous Women |
| title_fullStr | Group-Based Trajectory Analysis for Postpartum Depression Symptoms among Chinese Primiparous Women |
| title_full_unstemmed | Group-Based Trajectory Analysis for Postpartum Depression Symptoms among Chinese Primiparous Women |
| title_short | Group-Based Trajectory Analysis for Postpartum Depression Symptoms among Chinese Primiparous Women |
| title_sort | group based trajectory analysis for postpartum depression symptoms among chinese primiparous women |
| topic | postpartum depression trajectory analysis primiparous women group-based trajectory model |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/21/6249 |
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