Immunotoxin Therapies for the Treatment of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Dependent Cancers
Many epithelial cancers rely on enhanced expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) to drive proliferation and survival pathways. Development of therapeutics to target EGFR signaling has been of high importance, and multiple examples have been approved for human use. However, many of...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2016-05-01
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| Series: | Toxins |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/8/5/137 |
| _version_ | 1798034055156989952 |
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| author | Nathan Simon David FitzGerald |
| author_facet | Nathan Simon David FitzGerald |
| author_sort | Nathan Simon |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Many epithelial cancers rely on enhanced expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) to drive proliferation and survival pathways. Development of therapeutics to target EGFR signaling has been of high importance, and multiple examples have been approved for human use. However, many of the current small molecule or antibody-based therapeutics are of limited effectiveness due to the inevitable development of resistance and toxicity to normal tissues. Recombinant immunotoxins are therapeutic molecules consisting of an antibody or receptor ligand joined to a protein cytotoxin, combining the specific targeting of a cancer-expressed receptor with the potent cell killing of cytotoxic enzymes. Over the decades, many bacterial- or plant-based immunotoxins have been developed with the goal of targeting the broad range of cancers reliant upon EGFR overexpression. Many examples demonstrate excellent anti-cancer properties in preclinical development, and several EGFR-targeted immunotoxins have progressed to human trials. This review summarizes much of the past and current work in the development of immunotoxins for targeting EGFR-driven cancers. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T20:38:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-62443d8e24274bbf975810a66670ea52 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6651 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T20:38:52Z |
| publishDate | 2016-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxins |
| spelling | doaj.art-62443d8e24274bbf975810a66670ea522022-12-22T04:04:17ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512016-05-018513710.3390/toxins8050137toxins8050137Immunotoxin Therapies for the Treatment of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Dependent CancersNathan Simon0David FitzGerald1Biotherapy Section, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, 37/5124 Bethesda, MD 20892, USABiotherapy Section, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, 37/5124 Bethesda, MD 20892, USAMany epithelial cancers rely on enhanced expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) to drive proliferation and survival pathways. Development of therapeutics to target EGFR signaling has been of high importance, and multiple examples have been approved for human use. However, many of the current small molecule or antibody-based therapeutics are of limited effectiveness due to the inevitable development of resistance and toxicity to normal tissues. Recombinant immunotoxins are therapeutic molecules consisting of an antibody or receptor ligand joined to a protein cytotoxin, combining the specific targeting of a cancer-expressed receptor with the potent cell killing of cytotoxic enzymes. Over the decades, many bacterial- or plant-based immunotoxins have been developed with the goal of targeting the broad range of cancers reliant upon EGFR overexpression. Many examples demonstrate excellent anti-cancer properties in preclinical development, and several EGFR-targeted immunotoxins have progressed to human trials. This review summarizes much of the past and current work in the development of immunotoxins for targeting EGFR-driven cancers.http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/8/5/137immunotoxinEGFRcancer therapeuticclinical development |
| spellingShingle | Nathan Simon David FitzGerald Immunotoxin Therapies for the Treatment of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Dependent Cancers Toxins immunotoxin EGFR cancer therapeutic clinical development |
| title | Immunotoxin Therapies for the Treatment of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Dependent Cancers |
| title_full | Immunotoxin Therapies for the Treatment of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Dependent Cancers |
| title_fullStr | Immunotoxin Therapies for the Treatment of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Dependent Cancers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Immunotoxin Therapies for the Treatment of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Dependent Cancers |
| title_short | Immunotoxin Therapies for the Treatment of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Dependent Cancers |
| title_sort | immunotoxin therapies for the treatment of epidermal growth factor receptor dependent cancers |
| topic | immunotoxin EGFR cancer therapeutic clinical development |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/8/5/137 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT nathansimon immunotoxintherapiesforthetreatmentofepidermalgrowthfactorreceptordependentcancers AT davidfitzgerald immunotoxintherapiesforthetreatmentofepidermalgrowthfactorreceptordependentcancers |