Anterograde Neuronal Circuit Tracers Derived from Herpes Simplex Virus 1: Development, Application, and Perspectives
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) has great potential to be applied as a viral tool for gene delivery or oncolysis. The broad infection tropism of HSV-1 makes it a suitable tool for targeting many different cell types, and its 150 kb double-stranded DNA genome provides great capacity for exogenous...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-08-01
|
| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/16/5937 |
| _version_ | 1797557209901563904 |
|---|---|
| author | Dong Li Hong Yang Feng Xiong Xiangmin Xu Wen-Bo Zeng Fei Zhao Min-Hua Luo |
| author_facet | Dong Li Hong Yang Feng Xiong Xiangmin Xu Wen-Bo Zeng Fei Zhao Min-Hua Luo |
| author_sort | Dong Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) has great potential to be applied as a viral tool for gene delivery or oncolysis. The broad infection tropism of HSV-1 makes it a suitable tool for targeting many different cell types, and its 150 kb double-stranded DNA genome provides great capacity for exogenous genes. Moreover, the features of neuron infection and neuron-to-neuron spread also offer special value to neuroscience. HSV-1 strain H129, with its predominant anterograde transneuronal transmission, represents one of the most promising anterograde neuronal circuit tracers to map output neuronal pathways. Decades of development have greatly expanded the H129-derived anterograde tracing toolbox, including polysynaptic and monosynaptic tracers with various fluorescent protein labeling. These tracers have been applied to neuroanatomical studies, and have contributed to revealing multiple important neuronal circuits. However, current H129-derived tracers retain intrinsic drawbacks that limit their broad application, such as yet-to-be improved labeling intensity, potential nonspecific retrograde labeling, and high toxicity. The biological complexity of HSV-1 and its insufficiently characterized virological properties have caused difficulties in its improvement and optimization as a viral tool. In this review, we focus on the current H129-derived viral tracers and highlight strategies in which future technological development can advance its use as a tool. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:14:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-624e05305d754da5a4fdff73324a26be |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:14:07Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-624e05305d754da5a4fdff73324a26be2023-11-20T10:32:57ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672020-08-012116593710.3390/ijms21165937Anterograde Neuronal Circuit Tracers Derived from Herpes Simplex Virus 1: Development, Application, and PerspectivesDong Li0Hong Yang1Feng Xiong2Xiangmin Xu3Wen-Bo Zeng4Fei Zhao5Min-Hua Luo6State Key Laboratory of Virology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Virology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Virology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, ChinaDepartment of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-1275, USAState Key Laboratory of Virology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, ChinaSchool of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Virology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, ChinaHerpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) has great potential to be applied as a viral tool for gene delivery or oncolysis. The broad infection tropism of HSV-1 makes it a suitable tool for targeting many different cell types, and its 150 kb double-stranded DNA genome provides great capacity for exogenous genes. Moreover, the features of neuron infection and neuron-to-neuron spread also offer special value to neuroscience. HSV-1 strain H129, with its predominant anterograde transneuronal transmission, represents one of the most promising anterograde neuronal circuit tracers to map output neuronal pathways. Decades of development have greatly expanded the H129-derived anterograde tracing toolbox, including polysynaptic and monosynaptic tracers with various fluorescent protein labeling. These tracers have been applied to neuroanatomical studies, and have contributed to revealing multiple important neuronal circuits. However, current H129-derived tracers retain intrinsic drawbacks that limit their broad application, such as yet-to-be improved labeling intensity, potential nonspecific retrograde labeling, and high toxicity. The biological complexity of HSV-1 and its insufficiently characterized virological properties have caused difficulties in its improvement and optimization as a viral tool. In this review, we focus on the current H129-derived viral tracers and highlight strategies in which future technological development can advance its use as a tool.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/16/5937Herpes simplex virus 1HSV-1strain H129 (H129)viral tracerneuroscienceneuronal circuit |
| spellingShingle | Dong Li Hong Yang Feng Xiong Xiangmin Xu Wen-Bo Zeng Fei Zhao Min-Hua Luo Anterograde Neuronal Circuit Tracers Derived from Herpes Simplex Virus 1: Development, Application, and Perspectives International Journal of Molecular Sciences Herpes simplex virus 1 HSV-1 strain H129 (H129) viral tracer neuroscience neuronal circuit |
| title | Anterograde Neuronal Circuit Tracers Derived from Herpes Simplex Virus 1: Development, Application, and Perspectives |
| title_full | Anterograde Neuronal Circuit Tracers Derived from Herpes Simplex Virus 1: Development, Application, and Perspectives |
| title_fullStr | Anterograde Neuronal Circuit Tracers Derived from Herpes Simplex Virus 1: Development, Application, and Perspectives |
| title_full_unstemmed | Anterograde Neuronal Circuit Tracers Derived from Herpes Simplex Virus 1: Development, Application, and Perspectives |
| title_short | Anterograde Neuronal Circuit Tracers Derived from Herpes Simplex Virus 1: Development, Application, and Perspectives |
| title_sort | anterograde neuronal circuit tracers derived from herpes simplex virus 1 development application and perspectives |
| topic | Herpes simplex virus 1 HSV-1 strain H129 (H129) viral tracer neuroscience neuronal circuit |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/16/5937 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT dongli anterogradeneuronalcircuittracersderivedfromherpessimplexvirus1developmentapplicationandperspectives AT hongyang anterogradeneuronalcircuittracersderivedfromherpessimplexvirus1developmentapplicationandperspectives AT fengxiong anterogradeneuronalcircuittracersderivedfromherpessimplexvirus1developmentapplicationandperspectives AT xiangminxu anterogradeneuronalcircuittracersderivedfromherpessimplexvirus1developmentapplicationandperspectives AT wenbozeng anterogradeneuronalcircuittracersderivedfromherpessimplexvirus1developmentapplicationandperspectives AT feizhao anterogradeneuronalcircuittracersderivedfromherpessimplexvirus1developmentapplicationandperspectives AT minhualuo anterogradeneuronalcircuittracersderivedfromherpessimplexvirus1developmentapplicationandperspectives |