A Search for Stellar Siblings of the ∼200 Myr TOI-251 b Planetary System
Young planets (<1 Gyr) are helpful for studying the physical processes occurring at the early stage of planet evolution. TOI-251 b is a recently discovered sub-Neptune orbiting a young G dwarf, which has an imprecise age estimation of 40–320 Myr. We select TOI-251 sibling candidates based on kine...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2023-01-01
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| Series: | The Astrophysical Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acd346 |
| _version_ | 1827826047771475968 |
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| author | Qinghui Sun Sharon Xuesong Wang Andrew W. Mann Benjamin M. Tofflemire Adam L. Kraus Tianjun Gan Madyson G. Barber |
| author_facet | Qinghui Sun Sharon Xuesong Wang Andrew W. Mann Benjamin M. Tofflemire Adam L. Kraus Tianjun Gan Madyson G. Barber |
| author_sort | Qinghui Sun |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Young planets (<1 Gyr) are helpful for studying the physical processes occurring at the early stage of planet evolution. TOI-251 b is a recently discovered sub-Neptune orbiting a young G dwarf, which has an imprecise age estimation of 40–320 Myr. We select TOI-251 sibling candidates based on kinematics and spatial proximity to TOI-251 and further use the color–magnitude diagram to refine the list and to compare to multiple open clusters. We report the stellar rotational period for 321 sibling candidates in a 50 pc radius around TOI-251 by analyzing their stellar light curves and find a color–rotational period sequence that lies in between the Group X (300 Myr) and Pleiades (120 Myr) members, suggesting an age ∼ 200 Myr. A quantitative age analysis using gyrochronology relations gives 204 ± 45 Myr, consistent with the average Li age of selected siblings (238 ± 38 Myr) and the Gaia variability age (193 ${}_{-54}^{102}$ Myr). The detection fraction of comoving candidates that have a short rotational period is 68.1%, much higher than the typical value in the field (14%–16% from Kepler). The overdensity of young stars and consistency in age of stellar siblings suggest a potential young association candidate in the Phoenix–Grus constellation. Though TOI-251 b has a radius larger than most of its field-age counterparts, we are uncertain whether TOI-251 is inflated, due to a lack of knowledge on the planet’s mass. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T02:59:04Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1538-4357 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T02:59:04Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Astrophysical Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-62540caf60604a75b61c67569977b9712023-09-03T14:54:23ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal1538-43572023-01-0195216810.3847/1538-4357/acd346A Search for Stellar Siblings of the ∼200 Myr TOI-251 b Planetary SystemQinghui Sun0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3281-6461Sharon Xuesong Wang1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6937-9034Andrew W. Mann2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3654-1602Benjamin M. Tofflemire3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2053-0749Adam L. Kraus4https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9811-568XTianjun Gan5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4503-9705Madyson G. Barber6https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8399-472XDepartment of Astronomy, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China ; qingsun@mail.tsinghua.edu.cnDepartment of Astronomy, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China ; qingsun@mail.tsinghua.edu.cnDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USADepartment of Astronomy, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, TX 78712, USADepartment of Astronomy, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, TX 78712, USADepartment of Astronomy, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China ; qingsun@mail.tsinghua.edu.cnDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USAYoung planets (<1 Gyr) are helpful for studying the physical processes occurring at the early stage of planet evolution. TOI-251 b is a recently discovered sub-Neptune orbiting a young G dwarf, which has an imprecise age estimation of 40–320 Myr. We select TOI-251 sibling candidates based on kinematics and spatial proximity to TOI-251 and further use the color–magnitude diagram to refine the list and to compare to multiple open clusters. We report the stellar rotational period for 321 sibling candidates in a 50 pc radius around TOI-251 by analyzing their stellar light curves and find a color–rotational period sequence that lies in between the Group X (300 Myr) and Pleiades (120 Myr) members, suggesting an age ∼ 200 Myr. A quantitative age analysis using gyrochronology relations gives 204 ± 45 Myr, consistent with the average Li age of selected siblings (238 ± 38 Myr) and the Gaia variability age (193 ${}_{-54}^{102}$ Myr). The detection fraction of comoving candidates that have a short rotational period is 68.1%, much higher than the typical value in the field (14%–16% from Kepler). The overdensity of young stars and consistency in age of stellar siblings suggest a potential young association candidate in the Phoenix–Grus constellation. Though TOI-251 b has a radius larger than most of its field-age counterparts, we are uncertain whether TOI-251 is inflated, due to a lack of knowledge on the planet’s mass.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acd346Stellar associationsExoplanet evolutionEarly stellar evolutionStellar dynamicsStellar agesStellar rotation |
| spellingShingle | Qinghui Sun Sharon Xuesong Wang Andrew W. Mann Benjamin M. Tofflemire Adam L. Kraus Tianjun Gan Madyson G. Barber A Search for Stellar Siblings of the ∼200 Myr TOI-251 b Planetary System The Astrophysical Journal Stellar associations Exoplanet evolution Early stellar evolution Stellar dynamics Stellar ages Stellar rotation |
| title | A Search for Stellar Siblings of the ∼200 Myr TOI-251 b Planetary System |
| title_full | A Search for Stellar Siblings of the ∼200 Myr TOI-251 b Planetary System |
| title_fullStr | A Search for Stellar Siblings of the ∼200 Myr TOI-251 b Planetary System |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Search for Stellar Siblings of the ∼200 Myr TOI-251 b Planetary System |
| title_short | A Search for Stellar Siblings of the ∼200 Myr TOI-251 b Planetary System |
| title_sort | search for stellar siblings of the ∼200 myr toi 251 b planetary system |
| topic | Stellar associations Exoplanet evolution Early stellar evolution Stellar dynamics Stellar ages Stellar rotation |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acd346 |
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