Recent Molecular Evolution of Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV): Subdivision of HMPV A2b Strains
Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a major etiological agent of acute respiratory infections in humans. HMPV has been circulating worldwide for more than six decades and is currently divided into five agreed-upon subtypes: A1, A2a, A2b, B1, and B2. Recently, the novel HMPV subtypes A2c, A2b1, and A2b2...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-08-01
|
| Series: | Microorganisms |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/9/1280 |
| _version_ | 1827708234464493568 |
|---|---|
| author | Naganori Nao Miwako Saikusa Ko Sato Tsuyoshi Sekizuka Shuzo Usuku Nobuko Tanaka Hidekazu Nishimura Makoto Takeda |
| author_facet | Naganori Nao Miwako Saikusa Ko Sato Tsuyoshi Sekizuka Shuzo Usuku Nobuko Tanaka Hidekazu Nishimura Makoto Takeda |
| author_sort | Naganori Nao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a major etiological agent of acute respiratory infections in humans. HMPV has been circulating worldwide for more than six decades and is currently divided into five agreed-upon subtypes: A1, A2a, A2b, B1, and B2. Recently, the novel HMPV subtypes A2c, A2b1, and A2b2 have been proposed. However, the phylogenetic and evolutionary relationships between these recently proposed HMPV subtypes are unclear. Here, we report a genome-wide phylogenetic and evolutionary analysis of 161 HMPV strains, including unique HMPV subtype A2b strains with a 180- or 111-nucleotide duplication in the G gene (nt-dup). Our data demonstrate that the HMPV A2b subtype contains two distinct subtypes, A2b1 and A2b2, and that the HMPV subtypes A2c and A2b2 may be different names for the same subtype. HMPV A2b strains with a nt-dup also belong to subtype A2b2. Molecular evolutionary analyses indicate that subtypes A2b1 and A2b2 diverged from subtype A2b around a decade after the subtype A2 was divided into the subtypes A2a and A2b. These data support the A2b1 and A2b2 subtypes proposed in 2012 and are essential for the unified classification of HMPV subtype A2 strains, which is important for future HMPV surveillance and epidemiological studies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:00:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-625501c807b541698fa8b321191f17ee |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:00:47Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-625501c807b541698fa8b321191f17ee2023-11-20T10:58:48ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072020-08-0189128010.3390/microorganisms8091280Recent Molecular Evolution of Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV): Subdivision of HMPV A2b StrainsNaganori Nao0Miwako Saikusa1Ko Sato2Tsuyoshi Sekizuka3Shuzo Usuku4Nobuko Tanaka5Hidekazu Nishimura6Makoto Takeda7Department of Virology III, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama 208-0011, JapanYokohama City Institute of Public Health, Yokohama 236-0051, JapanVirus Research Center, Clinical Research Division, Sendai Medical Center, Sendai 983-8520, JapanPathogen Genomics Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku 162-8640, JapanYokohama City Institute of Public Health, Yokohama 236-0051, JapanYokohama City Institute of Public Health, Yokohama 236-0051, JapanVirus Research Center, Clinical Research Division, Sendai Medical Center, Sendai 983-8520, JapanDepartment of Virology III, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama 208-0011, JapanHuman metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a major etiological agent of acute respiratory infections in humans. HMPV has been circulating worldwide for more than six decades and is currently divided into five agreed-upon subtypes: A1, A2a, A2b, B1, and B2. Recently, the novel HMPV subtypes A2c, A2b1, and A2b2 have been proposed. However, the phylogenetic and evolutionary relationships between these recently proposed HMPV subtypes are unclear. Here, we report a genome-wide phylogenetic and evolutionary analysis of 161 HMPV strains, including unique HMPV subtype A2b strains with a 180- or 111-nucleotide duplication in the G gene (nt-dup). Our data demonstrate that the HMPV A2b subtype contains two distinct subtypes, A2b1 and A2b2, and that the HMPV subtypes A2c and A2b2 may be different names for the same subtype. HMPV A2b strains with a nt-dup also belong to subtype A2b2. Molecular evolutionary analyses indicate that subtypes A2b1 and A2b2 diverged from subtype A2b around a decade after the subtype A2 was divided into the subtypes A2a and A2b. These data support the A2b1 and A2b2 subtypes proposed in 2012 and are essential for the unified classification of HMPV subtype A2 strains, which is important for future HMPV surveillance and epidemiological studies.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/9/1280human metapneumovirusHMPVmolecular epidemiologymolecular evolutionsubtypingnucleotide duplication |
| spellingShingle | Naganori Nao Miwako Saikusa Ko Sato Tsuyoshi Sekizuka Shuzo Usuku Nobuko Tanaka Hidekazu Nishimura Makoto Takeda Recent Molecular Evolution of Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV): Subdivision of HMPV A2b Strains Microorganisms human metapneumovirus HMPV molecular epidemiology molecular evolution subtyping nucleotide duplication |
| title | Recent Molecular Evolution of Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV): Subdivision of HMPV A2b Strains |
| title_full | Recent Molecular Evolution of Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV): Subdivision of HMPV A2b Strains |
| title_fullStr | Recent Molecular Evolution of Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV): Subdivision of HMPV A2b Strains |
| title_full_unstemmed | Recent Molecular Evolution of Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV): Subdivision of HMPV A2b Strains |
| title_short | Recent Molecular Evolution of Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV): Subdivision of HMPV A2b Strains |
| title_sort | recent molecular evolution of human metapneumovirus hmpv subdivision of hmpv a2b strains |
| topic | human metapneumovirus HMPV molecular epidemiology molecular evolution subtyping nucleotide duplication |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/9/1280 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT naganorinao recentmolecularevolutionofhumanmetapneumovirushmpvsubdivisionofhmpva2bstrains AT miwakosaikusa recentmolecularevolutionofhumanmetapneumovirushmpvsubdivisionofhmpva2bstrains AT kosato recentmolecularevolutionofhumanmetapneumovirushmpvsubdivisionofhmpva2bstrains AT tsuyoshisekizuka recentmolecularevolutionofhumanmetapneumovirushmpvsubdivisionofhmpva2bstrains AT shuzousuku recentmolecularevolutionofhumanmetapneumovirushmpvsubdivisionofhmpva2bstrains AT nobukotanaka recentmolecularevolutionofhumanmetapneumovirushmpvsubdivisionofhmpva2bstrains AT hidekazunishimura recentmolecularevolutionofhumanmetapneumovirushmpvsubdivisionofhmpva2bstrains AT makototakeda recentmolecularevolutionofhumanmetapneumovirushmpvsubdivisionofhmpva2bstrains |