Identification and Characterization of Beneficial Soil Microbial Strains for the Formulation of Biofertilizers Based on Native Plant Growth-Promoting Microorganisms Isolated from Northern Mexico

Plant growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPM) benefit plant health by enhancing plant nutrient-use efficiency and protecting plants against biotic and abiotic stresses. This study aimed to isolate and characterize autochthonous PGPM from important agri-food crops and nonagricultural plants to formula...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Carlos Esteban Guardiola-Márquez, María Teresa Santos-Ramírez, Melina Lizeth Figueroa-Montes, Eric Oswaldo Valencia-de los Cobos, Iván Jesús Stamatis-Félix, Diego E. Navarro-López, Daniel A. Jacobo-Velázquez
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2023-09-01
Series:Plants
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/18/3262
Description
Summary:Plant growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPM) benefit plant health by enhancing plant nutrient-use efficiency and protecting plants against biotic and abiotic stresses. This study aimed to isolate and characterize autochthonous PGPM from important agri-food crops and nonagricultural plants to formulate biofertilizers. Native microorganisms were isolated and evaluated for PGP traits (K, P, and Zn solubilization, N<sub>2</sub>-fixation, NH<sub>3</sub>-, IAA and siderophore production, and antifungal activity against <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i>). Isolates were tested on radish and broccoli seedlings, evaluating 19 individual isolates and 12 microbial consortia. Potential bacteria were identified through DNA sequencing. In total, 798 bacteria and 209 fungi were isolated. Isolates showed higher mineral solubilization activity than other mechanisms; 399 bacteria and 156 fungi presented mineral solubilization. Bacteria were relevant for nitrogen fixation, siderophore, IAA (29–176 mg/L), and ammonia production, while fungi for <i>Fusarium</i> growth inhibition (40–69%). Twenty-four bacteria and eighteen fungi were selected for their PGP traits. Bacteria had significantly (ANOVA, <i>p</i> < 0.05) better effects on plants than fungi; treatments improved plant height (23.06–51.32%), leaf diameter (25.43–82.91%), and fresh weight (54.18–85.45%) in both crops. Most potential species belonged to <i>Pseudomonas, Pantoea, Serratia,</i> and <i>Rahnella</i> genera. This work validated a high-throughput approach to screening hundreds of rhizospheric microorganisms with PGP potential isolated from rhizospheric samples.
ISSN:2223-7747