Review of Smart Grid and Nascent Energy Policies: Pakistan as a Case Study
Smart grid plays a vital role in energy management systems. It helps to mitigate the demand side management of electricity by managing the microgrid. In the modern era, the concept of hybrid microgrids emerged which helps the smart grid management of electricity. Additionally, the Internet of Things...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/19/7044 |
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| author | Syed Zagam Abbas Zulfiqar Ali Anzar Mahmood Syed Quosain Haider Anila Kousar Sohail Razzaq Tehzeeb Ul Hassan Chun-Lien Su |
| author_facet | Syed Zagam Abbas Zulfiqar Ali Anzar Mahmood Syed Quosain Haider Anila Kousar Sohail Razzaq Tehzeeb Ul Hassan Chun-Lien Su |
| author_sort | Syed Zagam Abbas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Smart grid plays a vital role in energy management systems. It helps to mitigate the demand side management of electricity by managing the microgrid. In the modern era, the concept of hybrid microgrids emerged which helps the smart grid management of electricity. Additionally, the Internet of Things (IoT) technology is used to integrate the hybrid microgrid. Thus, various policies and topologies are employed to perform the task meticulously. Pakistan being an energy deficient country has recently introduced some new policies such as Energy Wheeling Policy (EWP), Energy Import Policy (EIP), and Net Metering/Distributed Generation Policy (NMP) to manage the electricity demand effectively. In addition, the Energy Efficiency and Conservation Act (EECA) has also been introduced. In this paper, we present the overview and impact of these policies in the context of the local energy market and modern information and communication mechanisms proposed for smart grids. These new policies primarily focus on energy demand–supply for various types of consumers such as the demand for bulk energy for industrial ventures and the distributed production by consumers. The EWP deals with obtaining power from remote areas within the country to ease the energy situation in populated load centers and the EIP highlights energy import guidelines from foreign countries. The NMP deals with the integration of renewable energy resources and EECA is more focused on the measures and standardization for energy efficiency and conservation. The benefits and challenges related to EWP, NMP, and EIP have also been discussed concerning the present energy crisis in Pakistan. The generalized lessons learned and comparison of a few aspects of these policies with some other countries are also presented. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:47:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-626c3465942f488d94e970f5f9ad26da |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:47:57Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-626c3465942f488d94e970f5f9ad26da2023-11-23T20:12:10ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732022-09-011519704410.3390/en15197044Review of Smart Grid and Nascent Energy Policies: Pakistan as a Case StudySyed Zagam Abbas0Zulfiqar Ali1Anzar Mahmood2Syed Quosain Haider3Anila Kousar4Sohail Razzaq5Tehzeeb Ul Hassan6Chun-Lien Su7Department of Electrical Engineering, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Mirpur 10250, PakistanDepartment of Electrical Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 807618, TaiwanDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Mirpur 10250, PakistanDepartment of Electrical Engineering, University of Debrecen, 4028 Debrecen, HungaryDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Mirpur 10250, PakistanDepartment Electrical Engineering, COMSATS University, Abbottabad 22010, PakistanDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Mirpur 10250, PakistanDepartment of Electrical Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 807618, TaiwanSmart grid plays a vital role in energy management systems. It helps to mitigate the demand side management of electricity by managing the microgrid. In the modern era, the concept of hybrid microgrids emerged which helps the smart grid management of electricity. Additionally, the Internet of Things (IoT) technology is used to integrate the hybrid microgrid. Thus, various policies and topologies are employed to perform the task meticulously. Pakistan being an energy deficient country has recently introduced some new policies such as Energy Wheeling Policy (EWP), Energy Import Policy (EIP), and Net Metering/Distributed Generation Policy (NMP) to manage the electricity demand effectively. In addition, the Energy Efficiency and Conservation Act (EECA) has also been introduced. In this paper, we present the overview and impact of these policies in the context of the local energy market and modern information and communication mechanisms proposed for smart grids. These new policies primarily focus on energy demand–supply for various types of consumers such as the demand for bulk energy for industrial ventures and the distributed production by consumers. The EWP deals with obtaining power from remote areas within the country to ease the energy situation in populated load centers and the EIP highlights energy import guidelines from foreign countries. The NMP deals with the integration of renewable energy resources and EECA is more focused on the measures and standardization for energy efficiency and conservation. The benefits and challenges related to EWP, NMP, and EIP have also been discussed concerning the present energy crisis in Pakistan. The generalized lessons learned and comparison of a few aspects of these policies with some other countries are also presented.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/19/7044energy wheeling policyenergy import policyenergy efficiencyhybrid microgridnet metering policysmart grid and conservation |
| spellingShingle | Syed Zagam Abbas Zulfiqar Ali Anzar Mahmood Syed Quosain Haider Anila Kousar Sohail Razzaq Tehzeeb Ul Hassan Chun-Lien Su Review of Smart Grid and Nascent Energy Policies: Pakistan as a Case Study Energies energy wheeling policy energy import policy energy efficiency hybrid microgrid net metering policy smart grid and conservation |
| title | Review of Smart Grid and Nascent Energy Policies: Pakistan as a Case Study |
| title_full | Review of Smart Grid and Nascent Energy Policies: Pakistan as a Case Study |
| title_fullStr | Review of Smart Grid and Nascent Energy Policies: Pakistan as a Case Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Review of Smart Grid and Nascent Energy Policies: Pakistan as a Case Study |
| title_short | Review of Smart Grid and Nascent Energy Policies: Pakistan as a Case Study |
| title_sort | review of smart grid and nascent energy policies pakistan as a case study |
| topic | energy wheeling policy energy import policy energy efficiency hybrid microgrid net metering policy smart grid and conservation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/19/7044 |
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