| Summary: | From the first days of our civilization sea transport has enabled trades. Today sea transport accounts for 80% of the Global trade measured in ton miles and 3% of Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. More than 40% of this sea trade is performed by the Dry bulkers, making them the real workhorses of the sea. Compared to other transport modes, Sea transport and Dry bulkers in particular, are energy efficient. Despite this, with the urgent need to reduce Global GHG emissions according to the Paris agreement (UNFCCC 2015), all sectors including shipping, needs to deliver major GHG reduction within the next decades. This paper focus on potential energy reductions through building more slender bulk vessels in combination with wind assisted propulsion (WASP). The results indicates that fuel consumption and hence GHG emissions can be reduced by up to 40% on an operational basis (EEOI) and 30% when shipbuilding is included (LCA).
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