Nutrition and quality of life in chronic kidney disease patients: a practical approach for salt restriction
The clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for nutrition in chronic kidney disease (CKD) were updated after 20 years from the previous guidelines by the Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI). During this period, the severity of CKD was defined by eGFR and albuminuria by the organization Ki...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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The Korean Society of Nephrology
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Kidney Research and Clinical Practice |
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| Online Access: | http://www.krcp-ksn.org/upload/pdf/j-krcp-21-203.pdf |
| _version_ | 1811197596596699136 |
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| author | Kunitoshi Iseki |
| author_facet | Kunitoshi Iseki |
| author_sort | Kunitoshi Iseki |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for nutrition in chronic kidney disease (CKD) were updated after 20 years from the previous guidelines by the Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI). During this period, the severity of CKD was defined by eGFR and albuminuria by the organization Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO). Main risk factors for CKD such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes mellitus are closely related to lifestyle. Nutritional management is important to prevent and retard the progression of CKD. Members of the International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism (ISRNM) reviewed the KDOQI CPG draft. ISRNM is an international scientific society comprising members of multiple subspecialties. ISRNM proposed the medical term protein-energy wasting (PEW), which is a keyword in renal nutrition. The prevalence of PEW among dialysis patients is high. The success of dietary therapy depends on adherence to the diet. It has to be palatable, otherwise eating habits will not change. To prevent the development and progression of CKD and PEW, regular consultation with an expert dietitian is required, especially regarding salt and protein restriction. Our cluster-randomized trial showed that intervention by a dietician was effective at retarding the progression of stage 3 CKD. In this review, I focus on salt (sodium) restriction and introduce tips for salt restriction and Japanese kidney-friendly recipes. Due to the lack of randomized controlled trials, nutritional management of CKD inevitably relies on expert opinion. In this regard, well-designed observational studies are needed. Too strict salt restriction may decrease quality of life and result in PEW. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T01:16:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-627a40ead0ca424c85c21123748a350b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2211-9132 2211-9140 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T01:16:25Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | The Korean Society of Nephrology |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Kidney Research and Clinical Practice |
| spelling | doaj.art-627a40ead0ca424c85c21123748a350b2022-12-22T03:53:56ZengThe Korean Society of NephrologyKidney Research and Clinical Practice2211-91322211-91402022-11-0141665766910.23876/j.krcp.21.2036114Nutrition and quality of life in chronic kidney disease patients: a practical approach for salt restrictionKunitoshi Iseki0 Clinical Research Support Center, Nakamura Clinic, Okinawa, JapanThe clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for nutrition in chronic kidney disease (CKD) were updated after 20 years from the previous guidelines by the Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI). During this period, the severity of CKD was defined by eGFR and albuminuria by the organization Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO). Main risk factors for CKD such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes mellitus are closely related to lifestyle. Nutritional management is important to prevent and retard the progression of CKD. Members of the International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism (ISRNM) reviewed the KDOQI CPG draft. ISRNM is an international scientific society comprising members of multiple subspecialties. ISRNM proposed the medical term protein-energy wasting (PEW), which is a keyword in renal nutrition. The prevalence of PEW among dialysis patients is high. The success of dietary therapy depends on adherence to the diet. It has to be palatable, otherwise eating habits will not change. To prevent the development and progression of CKD and PEW, regular consultation with an expert dietitian is required, especially regarding salt and protein restriction. Our cluster-randomized trial showed that intervention by a dietician was effective at retarding the progression of stage 3 CKD. In this review, I focus on salt (sodium) restriction and introduce tips for salt restriction and Japanese kidney-friendly recipes. Due to the lack of randomized controlled trials, nutritional management of CKD inevitably relies on expert opinion. In this regard, well-designed observational studies are needed. Too strict salt restriction may decrease quality of life and result in PEW.http://www.krcp-ksn.org/upload/pdf/j-krcp-21-203.pdfchronic kidney diseasedialysishypertensionsaltssodium |
| spellingShingle | Kunitoshi Iseki Nutrition and quality of life in chronic kidney disease patients: a practical approach for salt restriction Kidney Research and Clinical Practice chronic kidney disease dialysis hypertension salts sodium |
| title | Nutrition and quality of life in chronic kidney disease patients: a practical approach for salt restriction |
| title_full | Nutrition and quality of life in chronic kidney disease patients: a practical approach for salt restriction |
| title_fullStr | Nutrition and quality of life in chronic kidney disease patients: a practical approach for salt restriction |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nutrition and quality of life in chronic kidney disease patients: a practical approach for salt restriction |
| title_short | Nutrition and quality of life in chronic kidney disease patients: a practical approach for salt restriction |
| title_sort | nutrition and quality of life in chronic kidney disease patients a practical approach for salt restriction |
| topic | chronic kidney disease dialysis hypertension salts sodium |
| url | http://www.krcp-ksn.org/upload/pdf/j-krcp-21-203.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kunitoshiiseki nutritionandqualityoflifeinchronickidneydiseasepatientsapracticalapproachforsaltrestriction |