From Evidence to Clinical Guidelines in Antibiotic Treatment in Acute Otitis Media in Children
Acute otitis media (AOM) in children represents a public health concern, being one of the leading causes of health care visits and antibiotic prescriptions worldwide. The overall aim of this paper is to unravel the major current insights into the antibiotic treatment of AOM in children. Our approach...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-01-01
|
| Series: | Antibiotics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/1/52 |
| _version_ | 1797415907282124800 |
|---|---|
| author | Elena Lia Spoială Gabriela Dumitrita Stanciu Veronica Bild Daniela Carmen Ababei Cristina Gavrilovici |
| author_facet | Elena Lia Spoială Gabriela Dumitrita Stanciu Veronica Bild Daniela Carmen Ababei Cristina Gavrilovici |
| author_sort | Elena Lia Spoială |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Acute otitis media (AOM) in children represents a public health concern, being one of the leading causes of health care visits and antibiotic prescriptions worldwide. The overall aim of this paper is to unravel the major current insights into the antibiotic treatment of AOM in children. Our approach is three-fold: 1. a preclinical evaluation of antibiotics in animal models of AOM stressing on the advantages of different species when testing for different schemes of antibiotics; 2. an overview on the new antimicrobial agents whose efficacy has been demonstrated in refractory cases of AOM in children; and 3. an analysis of the different guidelines stressing on the differences and similarities between the various schemes of antibiotic treatment. The preferred therapeutic agents remain amoxicillin and the amoxicillin-clavulanate combination for AOM caused by <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>, whereas oral cephalosporin is preferred in AOM due to <i>Moraxella catarrhalis</i> and <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i>. As for the second and third line antimicrobial treatments, there is a wide variety of suggested antibiotic classes with variations in duration and posology. The decision to prescribe antimicrobial treatment as a first-line choice is based on the severity of the symptoms in 16 of the guidelines included in this review. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:56:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-627a75c4642d47d29c9ef469b9fd1a01 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:56:13Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-627a75c4642d47d29c9ef469b9fd1a012023-12-03T12:13:37ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822021-01-011015210.3390/antibiotics10010052From Evidence to Clinical Guidelines in Antibiotic Treatment in Acute Otitis Media in ChildrenElena Lia Spoială0Gabriela Dumitrita Stanciu1Veronica Bild2Daniela Carmen Ababei3Cristina Gavrilovici4Pediatrics Department, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, RomaniaCenter for Advanced Research and Development in Experimental Medicine (CEMEX), Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, RomaniaCenter for Advanced Research and Development in Experimental Medicine (CEMEX), Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, RomaniaPharmacodynamics and Clinical Pharmacy Department, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, RomaniaPediatrics Department, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, RomaniaAcute otitis media (AOM) in children represents a public health concern, being one of the leading causes of health care visits and antibiotic prescriptions worldwide. The overall aim of this paper is to unravel the major current insights into the antibiotic treatment of AOM in children. Our approach is three-fold: 1. a preclinical evaluation of antibiotics in animal models of AOM stressing on the advantages of different species when testing for different schemes of antibiotics; 2. an overview on the new antimicrobial agents whose efficacy has been demonstrated in refractory cases of AOM in children; and 3. an analysis of the different guidelines stressing on the differences and similarities between the various schemes of antibiotic treatment. The preferred therapeutic agents remain amoxicillin and the amoxicillin-clavulanate combination for AOM caused by <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>, whereas oral cephalosporin is preferred in AOM due to <i>Moraxella catarrhalis</i> and <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i>. As for the second and third line antimicrobial treatments, there is a wide variety of suggested antibiotic classes with variations in duration and posology. The decision to prescribe antimicrobial treatment as a first-line choice is based on the severity of the symptoms in 16 of the guidelines included in this review.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/1/52acute otitis mediaclinical practice guidelinesantibiotic treatmentrodent models of acute otitis mediapreclinical evaluation of antibiotics |
| spellingShingle | Elena Lia Spoială Gabriela Dumitrita Stanciu Veronica Bild Daniela Carmen Ababei Cristina Gavrilovici From Evidence to Clinical Guidelines in Antibiotic Treatment in Acute Otitis Media in Children Antibiotics acute otitis media clinical practice guidelines antibiotic treatment rodent models of acute otitis media preclinical evaluation of antibiotics |
| title | From Evidence to Clinical Guidelines in Antibiotic Treatment in Acute Otitis Media in Children |
| title_full | From Evidence to Clinical Guidelines in Antibiotic Treatment in Acute Otitis Media in Children |
| title_fullStr | From Evidence to Clinical Guidelines in Antibiotic Treatment in Acute Otitis Media in Children |
| title_full_unstemmed | From Evidence to Clinical Guidelines in Antibiotic Treatment in Acute Otitis Media in Children |
| title_short | From Evidence to Clinical Guidelines in Antibiotic Treatment in Acute Otitis Media in Children |
| title_sort | from evidence to clinical guidelines in antibiotic treatment in acute otitis media in children |
| topic | acute otitis media clinical practice guidelines antibiotic treatment rodent models of acute otitis media preclinical evaluation of antibiotics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/1/52 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT elenaliaspoiala fromevidencetoclinicalguidelinesinantibiotictreatmentinacuteotitismediainchildren AT gabrieladumitritastanciu fromevidencetoclinicalguidelinesinantibiotictreatmentinacuteotitismediainchildren AT veronicabild fromevidencetoclinicalguidelinesinantibiotictreatmentinacuteotitismediainchildren AT danielacarmenababei fromevidencetoclinicalguidelinesinantibiotictreatmentinacuteotitismediainchildren AT cristinagavrilovici fromevidencetoclinicalguidelinesinantibiotictreatmentinacuteotitismediainchildren |