Grid-Forming Converters: Control Approaches, Grid-Synchronization, and Future Trends—A Review
In the last decade, the concept of grid-forming (GFM) converters has been introduced for microgrids and islanded power systems. Recently, the concept has been proposed for use in wider interconnected transmission networks, and several control structures have thus been developed, giving rise to discu...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IEEE
2021-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9408354/ |
| _version_ | 1818733409262895104 |
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| author | Roberto Rosso Xiongfei Wang Marco Liserre Xiaonan Lu Soenke Engelken |
| author_facet | Roberto Rosso Xiongfei Wang Marco Liserre Xiaonan Lu Soenke Engelken |
| author_sort | Roberto Rosso |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the last decade, the concept of grid-forming (GFM) converters has been introduced for microgrids and islanded power systems. Recently, the concept has been proposed for use in wider interconnected transmission networks, and several control structures have thus been developed, giving rise to discussions about the expected behaviour of such converters. In this paper, an overview of control schemes for GFM converters is provided. By identifying the main subsystems in respect to their functionalities, a generalized control structure is derived and different solutions for each of the main subsystems composing the controller are analyzed and compared. Subsequently, several selected open issues and challenges regarding GFM converters, i. e. angle stability, fault ride-through (FRT) capabilities, and transition from islanded to grid connected mode are discussed. Perspectives on challenges and future trends are lastly shared. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T23:49:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-628b9fbee88a4344ab5b4571abd482c1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2644-1241 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T23:49:00Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications |
| spelling | doaj.art-628b9fbee88a4344ab5b4571abd482c12022-12-21T21:28:14ZengIEEEIEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications2644-12412021-01-0129310910.1109/OJIA.2021.30740289408354Grid-Forming Converters: Control Approaches, Grid-Synchronization, and Future Trends—A ReviewRoberto Rosso0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9193-9720Xiongfei Wang1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6327-9729Marco Liserre2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0818-2684Xiaonan Lu3Soenke Engelken4WRD Wobben Research and Development GmbH, Aurich, Niedersachsen, GermanyEnergy Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, DenmarkChair of Power Electronics, Christian-Albrechts-Universitaet zu Kiel, Kiel, Schleswig-Holstein, GermanyCollege of Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USAWRD Wobben Research and Development, Bremen, Bremen, GermanyIn the last decade, the concept of grid-forming (GFM) converters has been introduced for microgrids and islanded power systems. Recently, the concept has been proposed for use in wider interconnected transmission networks, and several control structures have thus been developed, giving rise to discussions about the expected behaviour of such converters. In this paper, an overview of control schemes for GFM converters is provided. By identifying the main subsystems in respect to their functionalities, a generalized control structure is derived and different solutions for each of the main subsystems composing the controller are analyzed and compared. Subsequently, several selected open issues and challenges regarding GFM converters, i. e. angle stability, fault ride-through (FRT) capabilities, and transition from islanded to grid connected mode are discussed. Perspectives on challenges and future trends are lastly shared.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9408354/Control structure overviewgrid-forming convertersgrid-following converterspower-synchronization |
| spellingShingle | Roberto Rosso Xiongfei Wang Marco Liserre Xiaonan Lu Soenke Engelken Grid-Forming Converters: Control Approaches, Grid-Synchronization, and Future Trends—A Review IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications Control structure overview grid-forming converters grid-following converters power-synchronization |
| title | Grid-Forming Converters: Control Approaches, Grid-Synchronization, and Future Trends—A Review |
| title_full | Grid-Forming Converters: Control Approaches, Grid-Synchronization, and Future Trends—A Review |
| title_fullStr | Grid-Forming Converters: Control Approaches, Grid-Synchronization, and Future Trends—A Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Grid-Forming Converters: Control Approaches, Grid-Synchronization, and Future Trends—A Review |
| title_short | Grid-Forming Converters: Control Approaches, Grid-Synchronization, and Future Trends—A Review |
| title_sort | grid forming converters control approaches grid synchronization and future trends x2014 a review |
| topic | Control structure overview grid-forming converters grid-following converters power-synchronization |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9408354/ |
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