Rapid screening for Schistosoma mansoni in western Côte d’Ivoire using a simple school questionnaire
The distribution of schistosomiasis is focal, so if the resources available for control are to be used most effectively, they need to be directed towards the individuals and/or communities at highest risk of morbidity from schistosomiasis. Rapid and inexpensive ways of doing this are needed, such as...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
The World Health Organization
|
| Series: | Bulletin of the World Health Organization |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0042-96862000000300015&lng=en&tlng=en |
| _version_ | 1797285600701710336 |
|---|---|
| author | J. Utzinger E.K. N’Goran Y.A. Ossey M. Booth M. Traoré K.L. Lohourignon A. Allangba L.A. Ahiba M. Tanner C. Lengeler |
| author_facet | J. Utzinger E.K. N’Goran Y.A. Ossey M. Booth M. Traoré K.L. Lohourignon A. Allangba L.A. Ahiba M. Tanner C. Lengeler |
| author_sort | J. Utzinger |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The distribution of schistosomiasis is focal, so if the resources available for control are to be used most effectively, they need to be directed towards the individuals and/or communities at highest risk of morbidity from schistosomiasis. Rapid and inexpensive ways of doing this are needed, such as simple school questionnaires. The present study used such questionnaires in an area of western Côte d’Ivoire where Schistosoma mansoniis endemic; correctly completed questionnaires were returned from 121 out of 134 schools (90.3%), with 12 227 children interviewed individually. The presence of S. mansoni was verified by microscopic examination in 60 randomly selected schools, where 5047 schoolchildren provided two consecutive stool samples for Kato-Katz thick smears. For all samples it was found that 54.4% of individuals were infected with S. mansoni. Moreover, individuals infected with S. mansoni reported ‘‘bloody diarrhoea’’, ‘‘blood in stools’’ and ‘‘schistosomiasis’’ significantly more often than uninfected children. At the school level, Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that the prevalence of S. mansoni significantly correlated with the prevalence of reported bloody diarrhoea (P = 0.002), reported blood in stools (P = 0.014) and reported schistosomiasis (P = 0.011). Reported bloody diarrhoea and reported blood in stools had the best diagnostic performance (sensitivity: 88.2%, specificity: 57.7%, positive predictive value: 73.2%, negative predictive value: 78.9%). The study, which is probably the largest of its kind ever undertaken in Africa, revealed a moderate diagnostic performance of questionnaires for identifying individuals and/or communities at high risk from S. mansoni. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T18:04:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6298920904444d299a0a52ff8fe2d38b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0042-9686 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T18:04:31Z |
| publisher | The World Health Organization |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Bulletin of the World Health Organization |
| spelling | doaj.art-6298920904444d299a0a52ff8fe2d38b2024-03-02T09:34:39ZengThe World Health OrganizationBulletin of the World Health Organization0042-968678338939810.1590/S0042-96862000000300015S0042-96862000000300015Rapid screening for Schistosoma mansoni in western Côte d’Ivoire using a simple school questionnaireJ. Utzinger0E.K. N’Goran1Y.A. Ossey2M. Booth3M. Traoré4K.L. Lohourignon5A. Allangba6L.A. Ahiba7M. Tanner8C. Lengeler9Swiss Tropical InstituteCentre suisse de Recherches scientifiquesDistrict sanitaire de Man, Grandes Endémies de ManSwiss Tropical InstituteCentre suisse de Recherches scientifiquesUniversité de CocodyDistrict sanitaire de Man, Grandes Endémies de ManDistrict sanitaire de Man, Grandes Endémies de ManSwiss Tropical InstituteSwiss Tropical InstituteThe distribution of schistosomiasis is focal, so if the resources available for control are to be used most effectively, they need to be directed towards the individuals and/or communities at highest risk of morbidity from schistosomiasis. Rapid and inexpensive ways of doing this are needed, such as simple school questionnaires. The present study used such questionnaires in an area of western Côte d’Ivoire where Schistosoma mansoniis endemic; correctly completed questionnaires were returned from 121 out of 134 schools (90.3%), with 12 227 children interviewed individually. The presence of S. mansoni was verified by microscopic examination in 60 randomly selected schools, where 5047 schoolchildren provided two consecutive stool samples for Kato-Katz thick smears. For all samples it was found that 54.4% of individuals were infected with S. mansoni. Moreover, individuals infected with S. mansoni reported ‘‘bloody diarrhoea’’, ‘‘blood in stools’’ and ‘‘schistosomiasis’’ significantly more often than uninfected children. At the school level, Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that the prevalence of S. mansoni significantly correlated with the prevalence of reported bloody diarrhoea (P = 0.002), reported blood in stools (P = 0.014) and reported schistosomiasis (P = 0.011). Reported bloody diarrhoea and reported blood in stools had the best diagnostic performance (sensitivity: 88.2%, specificity: 57.7%, positive predictive value: 73.2%, negative predictive value: 78.9%). The study, which is probably the largest of its kind ever undertaken in Africa, revealed a moderate diagnostic performance of questionnaires for identifying individuals and/or communities at high risk from S. mansoni.http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0042-96862000000300015&lng=en&tlng=encôte d’ivoirediagnostic techniques and proceduresepidemiological studiesquestionnairesschistosoma mansonischools |
| spellingShingle | J. Utzinger E.K. N’Goran Y.A. Ossey M. Booth M. Traoré K.L. Lohourignon A. Allangba L.A. Ahiba M. Tanner C. Lengeler Rapid screening for Schistosoma mansoni in western Côte d’Ivoire using a simple school questionnaire Bulletin of the World Health Organization côte d’ivoire diagnostic techniques and procedures epidemiological studies questionnaires schistosoma mansoni schools |
| title | Rapid screening for Schistosoma mansoni in western Côte d’Ivoire using a simple school questionnaire |
| title_full | Rapid screening for Schistosoma mansoni in western Côte d’Ivoire using a simple school questionnaire |
| title_fullStr | Rapid screening for Schistosoma mansoni in western Côte d’Ivoire using a simple school questionnaire |
| title_full_unstemmed | Rapid screening for Schistosoma mansoni in western Côte d’Ivoire using a simple school questionnaire |
| title_short | Rapid screening for Schistosoma mansoni in western Côte d’Ivoire using a simple school questionnaire |
| title_sort | rapid screening for schistosoma mansoni in western cote d ivoire using a simple school questionnaire |
| topic | côte d’ivoire diagnostic techniques and procedures epidemiological studies questionnaires schistosoma mansoni schools |
| url | http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0042-96862000000300015&lng=en&tlng=en |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jutzinger rapidscreeningforschistosomamansoniinwesterncotedivoireusingasimpleschoolquestionnaire AT ekngoran rapidscreeningforschistosomamansoniinwesterncotedivoireusingasimpleschoolquestionnaire AT yaossey rapidscreeningforschistosomamansoniinwesterncotedivoireusingasimpleschoolquestionnaire AT mbooth rapidscreeningforschistosomamansoniinwesterncotedivoireusingasimpleschoolquestionnaire AT mtraore rapidscreeningforschistosomamansoniinwesterncotedivoireusingasimpleschoolquestionnaire AT kllohourignon rapidscreeningforschistosomamansoniinwesterncotedivoireusingasimpleschoolquestionnaire AT aallangba rapidscreeningforschistosomamansoniinwesterncotedivoireusingasimpleschoolquestionnaire AT laahiba rapidscreeningforschistosomamansoniinwesterncotedivoireusingasimpleschoolquestionnaire AT mtanner rapidscreeningforschistosomamansoniinwesterncotedivoireusingasimpleschoolquestionnaire AT clengeler rapidscreeningforschistosomamansoniinwesterncotedivoireusingasimpleschoolquestionnaire |