Determinates of anemia among Human Immune Deficiency Virus positive children on Anti-retro Viral Therapy in selected health facilities, Northwest Ethiopia: A Case-Control Study
Even though antiretroviral therapy (ART) access for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children increased dramatically, anaemia has continued as a challenge regardless of a cluster of differentiation (CD4) count and viral load. Hence, the present study aimed to assess the determinants of ir...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Cambridge University Press
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Nutritional Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2048679023000794/type/journal_article |
| _version_ | 1797732724310540288 |
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| author | Misganaw Guadie Tiruneh Fassikaw Kebede Bizuneh |
| author_facet | Misganaw Guadie Tiruneh Fassikaw Kebede Bizuneh |
| author_sort | Misganaw Guadie Tiruneh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Even though antiretroviral therapy (ART) access for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children increased dramatically, anaemia has continued as a challenge regardless of a cluster of differentiation (CD4) count and viral load. Hence, the present study aimed to assess the determinants of iron deficiency anaemia among children living with HIV after the initiation of ART. An institution-based unmatched case–control study was conducted among consecutively selected 712 children on HIV care from 1 September to 30 October 2022 in the Metekel zone. A pre-tested and structured data extraction checklist was used to collect the data. Data were analysed using STATA version 16 software. Binary logistic regression was used to find the association between independent variables and anaemia. The level of statistical significance was declared at a value of P < 0⋅05. A total of 712 HIV-positive children (178 cases and 534 controls) were included in this study, with a completeness rate of 98⋅8 %. In multivariable analysis, variables that have a statistically significant association with anaemia were as follows: CD4 count <350 (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] 2⋅76; 95 % CI 1⋅76, 4⋅34), World Health Organization (WHO) clinical stage III (AOR 7⋅9; 95 % CI 3⋅5, 17⋅91) and stage IV (AOR 7⋅8; 95 % CI 3⋅37, 18⋅1), cotrimoxazole prophylaxis therapy (AOR 0⋅5; 95 % CI 0⋅31, 0⋅8) and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) ≤11⋅5 mm (AOR 2⋅1; 95 % CI 1⋅34, 3⋅28). The present study found that CD4 count, WHO clinical stage, cotrimoxazole prophylaxis therapy and MUAC were significantly associated with anaemia in children on ART. Therefore, continuous screening of anaemia and nutritional treatment is essential in these patients. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T12:17:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-629d53b809084ba6b212347776920452 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2048-6790 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T12:17:32Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Nutritional Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-629d53b809084ba6b2123477769204522023-08-30T07:37:37ZengCambridge University PressJournal of Nutritional Science2048-67902023-01-011210.1017/jns.2023.79Determinates of anemia among Human Immune Deficiency Virus positive children on Anti-retro Viral Therapy in selected health facilities, Northwest Ethiopia: A Case-Control StudyMisganaw Guadie Tiruneh0Fassikaw Kebede Bizuneh1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6117-5272Department of Health Systems and Policy, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, EthiopiaDepartment of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Woldia University, Woldia, EthiopiaEven though antiretroviral therapy (ART) access for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children increased dramatically, anaemia has continued as a challenge regardless of a cluster of differentiation (CD4) count and viral load. Hence, the present study aimed to assess the determinants of iron deficiency anaemia among children living with HIV after the initiation of ART. An institution-based unmatched case–control study was conducted among consecutively selected 712 children on HIV care from 1 September to 30 October 2022 in the Metekel zone. A pre-tested and structured data extraction checklist was used to collect the data. Data were analysed using STATA version 16 software. Binary logistic regression was used to find the association between independent variables and anaemia. The level of statistical significance was declared at a value of P < 0⋅05. A total of 712 HIV-positive children (178 cases and 534 controls) were included in this study, with a completeness rate of 98⋅8 %. In multivariable analysis, variables that have a statistically significant association with anaemia were as follows: CD4 count <350 (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] 2⋅76; 95 % CI 1⋅76, 4⋅34), World Health Organization (WHO) clinical stage III (AOR 7⋅9; 95 % CI 3⋅5, 17⋅91) and stage IV (AOR 7⋅8; 95 % CI 3⋅37, 18⋅1), cotrimoxazole prophylaxis therapy (AOR 0⋅5; 95 % CI 0⋅31, 0⋅8) and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) ≤11⋅5 mm (AOR 2⋅1; 95 % CI 1⋅34, 3⋅28). The present study found that CD4 count, WHO clinical stage, cotrimoxazole prophylaxis therapy and MUAC were significantly associated with anaemia in children on ART. Therefore, continuous screening of anaemia and nutritional treatment is essential in these patients.https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2048679023000794/type/journal_articleAnaemiaAntiretroviral therapyHIV-positive childrenMetekel zone |
| spellingShingle | Misganaw Guadie Tiruneh Fassikaw Kebede Bizuneh Determinates of anemia among Human Immune Deficiency Virus positive children on Anti-retro Viral Therapy in selected health facilities, Northwest Ethiopia: A Case-Control Study Journal of Nutritional Science Anaemia Antiretroviral therapy HIV-positive children Metekel zone |
| title | Determinates of anemia among Human Immune Deficiency Virus positive children on Anti-retro Viral Therapy in selected health facilities, Northwest Ethiopia: A Case-Control Study |
| title_full | Determinates of anemia among Human Immune Deficiency Virus positive children on Anti-retro Viral Therapy in selected health facilities, Northwest Ethiopia: A Case-Control Study |
| title_fullStr | Determinates of anemia among Human Immune Deficiency Virus positive children on Anti-retro Viral Therapy in selected health facilities, Northwest Ethiopia: A Case-Control Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Determinates of anemia among Human Immune Deficiency Virus positive children on Anti-retro Viral Therapy in selected health facilities, Northwest Ethiopia: A Case-Control Study |
| title_short | Determinates of anemia among Human Immune Deficiency Virus positive children on Anti-retro Viral Therapy in selected health facilities, Northwest Ethiopia: A Case-Control Study |
| title_sort | determinates of anemia among human immune deficiency virus positive children on anti retro viral therapy in selected health facilities northwest ethiopia a case control study |
| topic | Anaemia Antiretroviral therapy HIV-positive children Metekel zone |
| url | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2048679023000794/type/journal_article |
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