Long Term Effects of Ploughing and Conservation Tillage Methods on Earthworm Abundance and Crumb Ratio
In addition to the dry (D) and rainy (R) seasons, a combination of the two i.e., rainy-dry (RD) and dry-rainy (DR), can also be observed in one year. The effects of the dry (D) and rainy (R) on soil are known, hence we hypothesized that the effects of the rainy-dry (RD) and dry-rainy (DR) periods on...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-10-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/10/1552 |
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| author | Igor Dekemati Barbara Simon Igor Bogunovic Ivica Kisic Katalin Kassai Zoltán Kende Márta Birkás |
| author_facet | Igor Dekemati Barbara Simon Igor Bogunovic Ivica Kisic Katalin Kassai Zoltán Kende Márta Birkás |
| author_sort | Igor Dekemati |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In addition to the dry (D) and rainy (R) seasons, a combination of the two i.e., rainy-dry (RD) and dry-rainy (DR), can also be observed in one year. The effects of the dry (D) and rainy (R) on soil are known, hence we hypothesized that the effects of the rainy-dry (RD) and dry-rainy (DR) periods on soil may differ from the former assessments. The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of six tillage treatments (ploughing—P, disk tillage—DT, loosening—L, tine tillage (a deeper—T and a shallower—ST) and no-till—NT) on earthworm abundance and crumb ratio during a long-term research (16 years) on Chernozems. The results related to the four year-groups (D, R, RD, and DR) with different residue cover. Seven degrees of cover ratio (between 12.5% and 62.5%) were selected on stubbles. Higher cover ratio (≥52.5%) improved water conservation, increased earthworm abundance (31 and 41 ind m<sup>–2</sup>) and crumb (78 and 82%) ratio (<i>p</i> < 0.01). R year came first in the rank of water content and earthworm abundance and DR proved to be more favorable for crumb formation. Considering the rank of soil tillage treatments, ST takes first place in evaluation of soil water content (SWC) and crumb ratio, and NT for earthworm abundance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:41:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-62aeb3d977c845909567fbad9c2f6839 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:41:23Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-62aeb3d977c845909567fbad9c2f68392023-11-20T16:46:21ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952020-10-011010155210.3390/agronomy10101552Long Term Effects of Ploughing and Conservation Tillage Methods on Earthworm Abundance and Crumb RatioIgor Dekemati0Barbara Simon1Igor Bogunovic2Ivica Kisic3Katalin Kassai4Zoltán Kende5Márta Birkás6Institute of Crop Production Sciences, Szent István University, H-2100 Gödöllő, HungaryInstitute of Environmental Sciences, Szent István University, H-2100 Gödöllő, HungaryDepartment of General Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaDepartment of General Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaInstitute of Crop Production Sciences, Szent István University, H-2100 Gödöllő, HungaryInstitute of Crop Production Sciences, Szent István University, H-2100 Gödöllő, HungaryInstitute of Crop Production Sciences, Szent István University, H-2100 Gödöllő, HungaryIn addition to the dry (D) and rainy (R) seasons, a combination of the two i.e., rainy-dry (RD) and dry-rainy (DR), can also be observed in one year. The effects of the dry (D) and rainy (R) on soil are known, hence we hypothesized that the effects of the rainy-dry (RD) and dry-rainy (DR) periods on soil may differ from the former assessments. The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of six tillage treatments (ploughing—P, disk tillage—DT, loosening—L, tine tillage (a deeper—T and a shallower—ST) and no-till—NT) on earthworm abundance and crumb ratio during a long-term research (16 years) on Chernozems. The results related to the four year-groups (D, R, RD, and DR) with different residue cover. Seven degrees of cover ratio (between 12.5% and 62.5%) were selected on stubbles. Higher cover ratio (≥52.5%) improved water conservation, increased earthworm abundance (31 and 41 ind m<sup>–2</sup>) and crumb (78 and 82%) ratio (<i>p</i> < 0.01). R year came first in the rank of water content and earthworm abundance and DR proved to be more favorable for crumb formation. Considering the rank of soil tillage treatments, ST takes first place in evaluation of soil water content (SWC) and crumb ratio, and NT for earthworm abundance.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/10/1552weather extremessoilsurface coverearthworm abundancecrumb formation |
| spellingShingle | Igor Dekemati Barbara Simon Igor Bogunovic Ivica Kisic Katalin Kassai Zoltán Kende Márta Birkás Long Term Effects of Ploughing and Conservation Tillage Methods on Earthworm Abundance and Crumb Ratio Agronomy weather extremes soil surface cover earthworm abundance crumb formation |
| title | Long Term Effects of Ploughing and Conservation Tillage Methods on Earthworm Abundance and Crumb Ratio |
| title_full | Long Term Effects of Ploughing and Conservation Tillage Methods on Earthworm Abundance and Crumb Ratio |
| title_fullStr | Long Term Effects of Ploughing and Conservation Tillage Methods on Earthworm Abundance and Crumb Ratio |
| title_full_unstemmed | Long Term Effects of Ploughing and Conservation Tillage Methods on Earthworm Abundance and Crumb Ratio |
| title_short | Long Term Effects of Ploughing and Conservation Tillage Methods on Earthworm Abundance and Crumb Ratio |
| title_sort | long term effects of ploughing and conservation tillage methods on earthworm abundance and crumb ratio |
| topic | weather extremes soil surface cover earthworm abundance crumb formation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/10/1552 |
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