The Effects of Different Hormones on Supraventricular and Ventricular Premature Contractions in Healthy Premenopausal Women
<i>Background and Objectives</i>: The effects of gender differences on cardiac parameters have been well-established. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the possible associations of plasma levels of different sex hormones with premature atrial or ventricular contractions in premenopausa...
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Medicina |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/57/11/1154 |
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| author | Elias Tsougos Emmanouil Korakas Vasileios Kolovos Georgia-Angeliki Koliou Georgios Papageorgiou Aikaterini Kountouri Konstantinos Balampanis Loukia Pliouta Savvas Loizos Nikolaos Karamichalakis Elias Gatos Ignatios Ikonomidis Paraskevi Kazakou Athanasios Raptis Vaia Lambadiari |
| author_facet | Elias Tsougos Emmanouil Korakas Vasileios Kolovos Georgia-Angeliki Koliou Georgios Papageorgiou Aikaterini Kountouri Konstantinos Balampanis Loukia Pliouta Savvas Loizos Nikolaos Karamichalakis Elias Gatos Ignatios Ikonomidis Paraskevi Kazakou Athanasios Raptis Vaia Lambadiari |
| author_sort | Elias Tsougos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Background and Objectives</i>: The effects of gender differences on cardiac parameters have been well-established. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the possible associations of plasma levels of different sex hormones with premature atrial or ventricular contractions in premenopausal women. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: We conducted a prospective study which included women in late reproductive age who presented with palpitations during an eight-month period. A 12-lead electrocardiography, a transthoracic echocardiogram, blood samples, and 24-hour rhythm Holter were conducted on the third day of the menstrual cycle. <i>Results</i> Overall, 93 healthy premenopausal women with a median age of 42 years were enrolled. QTc interval was within normal limits in all patients. The 24 h range of premature atrial contractions (PACs) and premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) was 0–6450 and was 0–21,230, respectively. The median number of PVCs was 540 and the median number of PACs was 212, respectively. In total, 51 patients (54.8%) had a frequency of PVCs > 500/24 h and 37 patients (39.8%) had a frequency of PACs > 500/24 h, respectively. No statistically significant association was shown between any hormone and the frequency of PACs. Regarding PVCs, patients with a PVCs frequency > 500/24 h had higher estradiol levels compared to patients with PVCs less than 500/24 h (median 60 pg/mL versus 42 pg/mL, <i>p</i> = 0.02, OR: 1.01). No association was found between PVCs and other hormones. <i>Conclusions</i>: In premenopausal healthy women, higher estradiol levels are independently associated with increased PVCs. This suggests that estradiol in late reproductive stages may exert proarrhythmic effects. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:17:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-62b17628d0bd480b8011dc777ca99c1b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1010-660X 1648-9144 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:17:46Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Medicina |
| spelling | doaj.art-62b17628d0bd480b8011dc777ca99c1b2023-11-23T00:16:29ZengMDPI AGMedicina1010-660X1648-91442021-10-015711115410.3390/medicina57111154The Effects of Different Hormones on Supraventricular and Ventricular Premature Contractions in Healthy Premenopausal WomenElias Tsougos0Emmanouil Korakas1Vasileios Kolovos2Georgia-Angeliki Koliou3Georgios Papageorgiou4Aikaterini Kountouri5Konstantinos Balampanis6Loukia Pliouta7Savvas Loizos8Nikolaos Karamichalakis9Elias Gatos10Ignatios Ikonomidis11Paraskevi Kazakou12Athanasios Raptis13Vaia Lambadiari14Heart Failure and Preventive Cardiology Section, Department of Cardiology, Hygeia Hospital, 15123 Athens, GreeceSecond Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, GreeceHeart Failure and Preventive Cardiology Section, Department of Cardiology, Hygeia Hospital, 15123 Athens, GreeceSecond Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, GreeceIndependent Researcher, 10674 Athens, GreeceSecond Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, GreeceSecond Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, GreeceSecond Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, GreeceHeart Failure and Preventive Cardiology Section, Department of Cardiology, Hygeia Hospital, 15123 Athens, GreeceHeart Failure and Preventive Cardiology Section, Department of Cardiology, Hygeia Hospital, 15123 Athens, GreeceEmbio Medical Center, 15231 Athens, GreeceSecond Cardiology Department, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, GreeceDepartment of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens,11528 Athens, GreeceSecond Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, GreeceSecond Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece<i>Background and Objectives</i>: The effects of gender differences on cardiac parameters have been well-established. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the possible associations of plasma levels of different sex hormones with premature atrial or ventricular contractions in premenopausal women. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: We conducted a prospective study which included women in late reproductive age who presented with palpitations during an eight-month period. A 12-lead electrocardiography, a transthoracic echocardiogram, blood samples, and 24-hour rhythm Holter were conducted on the third day of the menstrual cycle. <i>Results</i> Overall, 93 healthy premenopausal women with a median age of 42 years were enrolled. QTc interval was within normal limits in all patients. The 24 h range of premature atrial contractions (PACs) and premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) was 0–6450 and was 0–21,230, respectively. The median number of PVCs was 540 and the median number of PACs was 212, respectively. In total, 51 patients (54.8%) had a frequency of PVCs > 500/24 h and 37 patients (39.8%) had a frequency of PACs > 500/24 h, respectively. No statistically significant association was shown between any hormone and the frequency of PACs. Regarding PVCs, patients with a PVCs frequency > 500/24 h had higher estradiol levels compared to patients with PVCs less than 500/24 h (median 60 pg/mL versus 42 pg/mL, <i>p</i> = 0.02, OR: 1.01). No association was found between PVCs and other hormones. <i>Conclusions</i>: In premenopausal healthy women, higher estradiol levels are independently associated with increased PVCs. This suggests that estradiol in late reproductive stages may exert proarrhythmic effects.https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/57/11/1154estradiolprogesteronepremature ventricular contractionsmenstrual cyclearrhythmias |
| spellingShingle | Elias Tsougos Emmanouil Korakas Vasileios Kolovos Georgia-Angeliki Koliou Georgios Papageorgiou Aikaterini Kountouri Konstantinos Balampanis Loukia Pliouta Savvas Loizos Nikolaos Karamichalakis Elias Gatos Ignatios Ikonomidis Paraskevi Kazakou Athanasios Raptis Vaia Lambadiari The Effects of Different Hormones on Supraventricular and Ventricular Premature Contractions in Healthy Premenopausal Women Medicina estradiol progesterone premature ventricular contractions menstrual cycle arrhythmias |
| title | The Effects of Different Hormones on Supraventricular and Ventricular Premature Contractions in Healthy Premenopausal Women |
| title_full | The Effects of Different Hormones on Supraventricular and Ventricular Premature Contractions in Healthy Premenopausal Women |
| title_fullStr | The Effects of Different Hormones on Supraventricular and Ventricular Premature Contractions in Healthy Premenopausal Women |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effects of Different Hormones on Supraventricular and Ventricular Premature Contractions in Healthy Premenopausal Women |
| title_short | The Effects of Different Hormones on Supraventricular and Ventricular Premature Contractions in Healthy Premenopausal Women |
| title_sort | effects of different hormones on supraventricular and ventricular premature contractions in healthy premenopausal women |
| topic | estradiol progesterone premature ventricular contractions menstrual cycle arrhythmias |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/57/11/1154 |
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