Potential of Load Shifting in a Parking Garage with Electric Vehicle Chargers, Local Energy Production and Storage

The electrification of the transport sector is of crucial importance for a successful transition to a fossil-free society. However, the electricity grid constitutes a bottleneck. This article provides a case study based on a real-world parking garage with a smart grid infrastructure, called Dansmäst...

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Main Authors: Valeria Castellucci, Alexander Wallberg, Carl Flygare
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2022-09-01
Series:World Electric Vehicle Journal
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2032-6653/13/9/166
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author Valeria Castellucci
Alexander Wallberg
Carl Flygare
author_facet Valeria Castellucci
Alexander Wallberg
Carl Flygare
author_sort Valeria Castellucci
collection DOAJ
description The electrification of the transport sector is of crucial importance for a successful transition to a fossil-free society. However, the electricity grid constitutes a bottleneck. This article provides a case study based on a real-world parking garage with a smart grid infrastructure, called Dansmästaren. The analysis shows how renewable energy sources, energy storage technologies, and smart charging of electric vehicles can smooth out the load curve of the parking garage and relieve the electric grid during peak hours. Dansmästaren is located in Uppsala, Sweden, and equipped with 60 charging points for electric vehicles, a PV system, and a battery storage system. The study utilizes an energy flow model to show the potential of a realistically dimensioned smart energy system, that can benefit the parking facility in itself and the local distribution grid in a city, Uppsala, with grid capacity challenges. The results suggest that the parking garage demand on the local grid can be significantly lowered by smarter control of its relatively small battery energy storage. Moreover, further smart control strategies can decrease demand up to 60% during high load hours while still guaranteeing fully charged vehicles at departure in near future scenarios. The study also shows that peak shaving strategies can lower the maximum peaks by up to 79%. A better understanding of the potential of public infrastructures for electric vehicle charging helps to increase knowledge on how they can contribute to more sustainable cities and a fossil-free society.
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spelling doaj.art-62bfb06067d74eaa8abe57a008c283b32023-11-23T19:32:47ZengMDPI AGWorld Electric Vehicle Journal2032-66532022-09-0113916610.3390/wevj13090166Potential of Load Shifting in a Parking Garage with Electric Vehicle Chargers, Local Energy Production and StorageValeria Castellucci0Alexander Wallberg1Carl Flygare2Division of Electricity, Department of Electrical Engineering, Uppsala University, Box 65, 751-03 Uppsala, SwedenDivision of Electricity, Department of Electrical Engineering, Uppsala University, Box 65, 751-03 Uppsala, SwedenDivision of Electricity, Department of Electrical Engineering, Uppsala University, Box 65, 751-03 Uppsala, SwedenThe electrification of the transport sector is of crucial importance for a successful transition to a fossil-free society. However, the electricity grid constitutes a bottleneck. This article provides a case study based on a real-world parking garage with a smart grid infrastructure, called Dansmästaren. The analysis shows how renewable energy sources, energy storage technologies, and smart charging of electric vehicles can smooth out the load curve of the parking garage and relieve the electric grid during peak hours. Dansmästaren is located in Uppsala, Sweden, and equipped with 60 charging points for electric vehicles, a PV system, and a battery storage system. The study utilizes an energy flow model to show the potential of a realistically dimensioned smart energy system, that can benefit the parking facility in itself and the local distribution grid in a city, Uppsala, with grid capacity challenges. The results suggest that the parking garage demand on the local grid can be significantly lowered by smarter control of its relatively small battery energy storage. Moreover, further smart control strategies can decrease demand up to 60% during high load hours while still guaranteeing fully charged vehicles at departure in near future scenarios. The study also shows that peak shaving strategies can lower the maximum peaks by up to 79%. A better understanding of the potential of public infrastructures for electric vehicle charging helps to increase knowledge on how they can contribute to more sustainable cities and a fossil-free society.https://www.mdpi.com/2032-6653/13/9/166electric vehiclesrenewable energysmart chargepeak shavingload shiftmobility house
spellingShingle Valeria Castellucci
Alexander Wallberg
Carl Flygare
Potential of Load Shifting in a Parking Garage with Electric Vehicle Chargers, Local Energy Production and Storage
World Electric Vehicle Journal
electric vehicles
renewable energy
smart charge
peak shaving
load shift
mobility house
title Potential of Load Shifting in a Parking Garage with Electric Vehicle Chargers, Local Energy Production and Storage
title_full Potential of Load Shifting in a Parking Garage with Electric Vehicle Chargers, Local Energy Production and Storage
title_fullStr Potential of Load Shifting in a Parking Garage with Electric Vehicle Chargers, Local Energy Production and Storage
title_full_unstemmed Potential of Load Shifting in a Parking Garage with Electric Vehicle Chargers, Local Energy Production and Storage
title_short Potential of Load Shifting in a Parking Garage with Electric Vehicle Chargers, Local Energy Production and Storage
title_sort potential of load shifting in a parking garage with electric vehicle chargers local energy production and storage
topic electric vehicles
renewable energy
smart charge
peak shaving
load shift
mobility house
url https://www.mdpi.com/2032-6653/13/9/166
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AT alexanderwallberg potentialofloadshiftinginaparkinggaragewithelectricvehiclechargerslocalenergyproductionandstorage
AT carlflygare potentialofloadshiftinginaparkinggaragewithelectricvehiclechargerslocalenergyproductionandstorage