Actors on the Scene: Immune Cells in the Myeloma Niche
Two mechanisms are involved in the immune escape of cancer cells: the immunoediting of tumor cells and the suppression of the immune system. Both processes have been revealed in multiple myeloma (MM). Complex interactions between tumor plasma cells and the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment contribut...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Oncology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2020.599098/full |
| _version_ | 1828852157773774848 |
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| author | Patrizia Leone Antonio Giovanni Solimando Antonio Giovanni Solimando Eleonora Malerba Rossella Fasano Alessio Buonavoglia Fabrizio Pappagallo Valli De Re Antonella Argentiero Nicola Silvestris Nicola Silvestris Angelo Vacca Vito Racanelli |
| author_facet | Patrizia Leone Antonio Giovanni Solimando Antonio Giovanni Solimando Eleonora Malerba Rossella Fasano Alessio Buonavoglia Fabrizio Pappagallo Valli De Re Antonella Argentiero Nicola Silvestris Nicola Silvestris Angelo Vacca Vito Racanelli |
| author_sort | Patrizia Leone |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Two mechanisms are involved in the immune escape of cancer cells: the immunoediting of tumor cells and the suppression of the immune system. Both processes have been revealed in multiple myeloma (MM). Complex interactions between tumor plasma cells and the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment contribute to generate an immunosuppressive milieu characterized by high concentration of immunosuppressive factors, loss of effective antigen presentation, effector cell dysfunction, and expansion of immunosuppressive cell populations, such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells, regulatory T cells and T cells expressing checkpoint molecules such as programmed cell death 1. Considering the great immunosuppressive impact of BM myeloma microenvironment, many strategies to overcome it and restore myeloma immunosurveillance have been elaborated. The most successful ones are combined approaches such as checkpoint inhibitors in combination with immunomodulatory drugs, anti-monoclonal antibodies, and proteasome inhibitors as well as chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy. How best to combine anti-MM therapies and what is the optimal timing to treat the patient are important questions to be addressed in future trials. Moreover, intratumor MM heterogeneity suggests the crucial importance of tailored therapies to identify patients who might benefit the most from immunotherapy, reaching deeper and more durable responses. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T23:47:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-62c1c79e4aaa4c39aa2d3777d4091a07 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2234-943X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T23:47:10Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Oncology |
| spelling | doaj.art-62c1c79e4aaa4c39aa2d3777d4091a072022-12-22T00:06:49ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Oncology2234-943X2020-10-011010.3389/fonc.2020.599098599098Actors on the Scene: Immune Cells in the Myeloma NichePatrizia Leone0Antonio Giovanni Solimando1Antonio Giovanni Solimando2Eleonora Malerba3Rossella Fasano4Alessio Buonavoglia5Fabrizio Pappagallo6Valli De Re7Antonella Argentiero8Nicola Silvestris9Nicola Silvestris10Angelo Vacca11Vito Racanelli12Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, ItalyDepartment of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II” of Bari, Bari, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, ItalyBio-Proteomics Facility, Department of Translational Research, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Aviano, ItalyDepartment of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II” of Bari, Bari, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, ItalyDepartment of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II” of Bari, Bari, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, ItalyTwo mechanisms are involved in the immune escape of cancer cells: the immunoediting of tumor cells and the suppression of the immune system. Both processes have been revealed in multiple myeloma (MM). Complex interactions between tumor plasma cells and the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment contribute to generate an immunosuppressive milieu characterized by high concentration of immunosuppressive factors, loss of effective antigen presentation, effector cell dysfunction, and expansion of immunosuppressive cell populations, such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells, regulatory T cells and T cells expressing checkpoint molecules such as programmed cell death 1. Considering the great immunosuppressive impact of BM myeloma microenvironment, many strategies to overcome it and restore myeloma immunosurveillance have been elaborated. The most successful ones are combined approaches such as checkpoint inhibitors in combination with immunomodulatory drugs, anti-monoclonal antibodies, and proteasome inhibitors as well as chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy. How best to combine anti-MM therapies and what is the optimal timing to treat the patient are important questions to be addressed in future trials. Moreover, intratumor MM heterogeneity suggests the crucial importance of tailored therapies to identify patients who might benefit the most from immunotherapy, reaching deeper and more durable responses.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2020.599098/fullmultiple myelomamicroenvironmentimmune cellsimmune checkpointsimmunotherapy |
| spellingShingle | Patrizia Leone Antonio Giovanni Solimando Antonio Giovanni Solimando Eleonora Malerba Rossella Fasano Alessio Buonavoglia Fabrizio Pappagallo Valli De Re Antonella Argentiero Nicola Silvestris Nicola Silvestris Angelo Vacca Vito Racanelli Actors on the Scene: Immune Cells in the Myeloma Niche Frontiers in Oncology multiple myeloma microenvironment immune cells immune checkpoints immunotherapy |
| title | Actors on the Scene: Immune Cells in the Myeloma Niche |
| title_full | Actors on the Scene: Immune Cells in the Myeloma Niche |
| title_fullStr | Actors on the Scene: Immune Cells in the Myeloma Niche |
| title_full_unstemmed | Actors on the Scene: Immune Cells in the Myeloma Niche |
| title_short | Actors on the Scene: Immune Cells in the Myeloma Niche |
| title_sort | actors on the scene immune cells in the myeloma niche |
| topic | multiple myeloma microenvironment immune cells immune checkpoints immunotherapy |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2020.599098/full |
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