Effects of human activities on rivers located in protected areas of the Atlantic Forest
AIM: This study evaluated the impacts of anthropogenic activities upstream of conservation areas on the Paraibuna river and its implications for freshwater biodiversity. METHODS: The study was carried out in two units, Cunha and Santa Virginia, of the Serra do Mar State Park (SP), located in the Atl...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Associação Brasileira de Limnologia
2014-03-01
|
| Series: | Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2179-975X2014000100008&lng=en&tlng=en |
| _version_ | 1811262795937742848 |
|---|---|
| author | Mônica Luisa Kuhlmann Hélio Rubens Victorino Imbimbo Lucy Lina Ogura João Paulo Villani Roberto Starzynski Maria de Jesus Robim |
| author_facet | Mônica Luisa Kuhlmann Hélio Rubens Victorino Imbimbo Lucy Lina Ogura João Paulo Villani Roberto Starzynski Maria de Jesus Robim |
| author_sort | Mônica Luisa Kuhlmann |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | AIM: This study evaluated the impacts of anthropogenic activities upstream of conservation areas on the Paraibuna river and its implications for freshwater biodiversity. METHODS: The study was carried out in two units, Cunha and Santa Virginia, of the Serra do Mar State Park (SP), located in the Atlantic Rain Forest. Five sampling sites were defined, four along the Paraibuna river and one in the Ipiranga river, the latter fully inserted into the protected area. Physical, chemical, microbiological and ecotoxicological data were obtained from surface water as well as aquatic macroinvertebrates. RESULTS: The results showed that the waters of the Paraibuna river have low anthropogenic interference. However, conductivity, turbidity, coliforms, iron, total phosphorus and nitrate showed a gradient improving its water quality from upstream to downstream, indicating the existence of erosion and introduction of organic debris in the basin. The BMWP index, varying from 58 to 190, also showed the good condition of the river to aquatic biota, with predominant Excellent quality diagnosis. The values of this index and the richness index (S) outlined a similar gradient but with the lowest values recorded in P3. CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that the upstream activities alter the natural condition of the Paraibuna river and its biota and that the protected areas provides environmental services reducing these impacts. The ideal situation in order to ensure the conservation of the freshwater biota of the Paraibuna river would be the incorporation of parts of the upstream area into the protected area and convert occupied areas into Sustainable Use Area, that guarantee the adoption of sustainable techniques to the existing land uses and the application of aquatic life protection indicators for monitoring the water quality of the river. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T19:33:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-62cb6da441f349ea95e682e174c8a29b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2179-975X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T19:33:05Z |
| publishDate | 2014-03-01 |
| publisher | Associação Brasileira de Limnologia |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia |
| spelling | doaj.art-62cb6da441f349ea95e682e174c8a29b2022-12-22T03:19:17ZengAssociação Brasileira de LimnologiaActa Limnologica Brasiliensia2179-975X2014-03-01261607210.1590/S2179-975X2014000100008S2179-975X2014000100008Effects of human activities on rivers located in protected areas of the Atlantic ForestMônica Luisa Kuhlmann0Hélio Rubens Victorino Imbimbo1Lucy Lina Ogura2João Paulo Villani3Roberto Starzynski4Maria de Jesus Robim5Companhia Ambiental do Estado de São PauloCompanhia Ambiental do Estado de São PauloCompanhia Ambiental do Estado de São PauloFundação FlorestalInstituto Florestal, Divisão de Reservas e Parques EstaduaisInstituto Florestal, Divisão de Reservas e Parques EstaduaisAIM: This study evaluated the impacts of anthropogenic activities upstream of conservation areas on the Paraibuna river and its implications for freshwater biodiversity. METHODS: The study was carried out in two units, Cunha and Santa Virginia, of the Serra do Mar State Park (SP), located in the Atlantic Rain Forest. Five sampling sites were defined, four along the Paraibuna river and one in the Ipiranga river, the latter fully inserted into the protected area. Physical, chemical, microbiological and ecotoxicological data were obtained from surface water as well as aquatic macroinvertebrates. RESULTS: The results showed that the waters of the Paraibuna river have low anthropogenic interference. However, conductivity, turbidity, coliforms, iron, total phosphorus and nitrate showed a gradient improving its water quality from upstream to downstream, indicating the existence of erosion and introduction of organic debris in the basin. The BMWP index, varying from 58 to 190, also showed the good condition of the river to aquatic biota, with predominant Excellent quality diagnosis. The values of this index and the richness index (S) outlined a similar gradient but with the lowest values recorded in P3. CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that the upstream activities alter the natural condition of the Paraibuna river and its biota and that the protected areas provides environmental services reducing these impacts. The ideal situation in order to ensure the conservation of the freshwater biota of the Paraibuna river would be the incorporation of parts of the upstream area into the protected area and convert occupied areas into Sustainable Use Area, that guarantee the adoption of sustainable techniques to the existing land uses and the application of aquatic life protection indicators for monitoring the water quality of the river.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2179-975X2014000100008&lng=en&tlng=enrio ParaibunaParque Estadual da Serra do Marimpactounidade de conservaçãomacroinvertebrados |
| spellingShingle | Mônica Luisa Kuhlmann Hélio Rubens Victorino Imbimbo Lucy Lina Ogura João Paulo Villani Roberto Starzynski Maria de Jesus Robim Effects of human activities on rivers located in protected areas of the Atlantic Forest Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia rio Paraibuna Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar impacto unidade de conservação macroinvertebrados |
| title | Effects of human activities on rivers located in protected areas of the Atlantic Forest |
| title_full | Effects of human activities on rivers located in protected areas of the Atlantic Forest |
| title_fullStr | Effects of human activities on rivers located in protected areas of the Atlantic Forest |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of human activities on rivers located in protected areas of the Atlantic Forest |
| title_short | Effects of human activities on rivers located in protected areas of the Atlantic Forest |
| title_sort | effects of human activities on rivers located in protected areas of the atlantic forest |
| topic | rio Paraibuna Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar impacto unidade de conservação macroinvertebrados |
| url | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2179-975X2014000100008&lng=en&tlng=en |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT monicaluisakuhlmann effectsofhumanactivitiesonriverslocatedinprotectedareasoftheatlanticforest AT heliorubensvictorinoimbimbo effectsofhumanactivitiesonriverslocatedinprotectedareasoftheatlanticforest AT lucylinaogura effectsofhumanactivitiesonriverslocatedinprotectedareasoftheatlanticforest AT joaopaulovillani effectsofhumanactivitiesonriverslocatedinprotectedareasoftheatlanticforest AT robertostarzynski effectsofhumanactivitiesonriverslocatedinprotectedareasoftheatlanticforest AT mariadejesusrobim effectsofhumanactivitiesonriverslocatedinprotectedareasoftheatlanticforest |