Identification and Isolation of Active Compounds from <i>Astragalus membranaceus</i> that Improve Insulin Secretion by Regulating Pancreatic Β-Cell Metabolism
In type 2 diabetes (T2D), insufficient secretion of insulin from the pancreatic β-cells contributes to high blood glucose levels, associated with metabolic dysregulation. Interest in natural products to complement or replace existing antidiabetic medications has increased. In this study, we...
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MDPI AG
2019-10-01
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| Series: | Biomolecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/9/10/618 |
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| author | Dahae Lee Da Hye Lee Sungyoul Choi Jin Su Lee Dae Sik Jang Ki Sung Kang |
| author_facet | Dahae Lee Da Hye Lee Sungyoul Choi Jin Su Lee Dae Sik Jang Ki Sung Kang |
| author_sort | Dahae Lee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In type 2 diabetes (T2D), insufficient secretion of insulin from the pancreatic β-cells contributes to high blood glucose levels, associated with metabolic dysregulation. Interest in natural products to complement or replace existing antidiabetic medications has increased. In this study, we examined the effect of <i>Astragalus membranaceus</i> extract (ASME) and its compounds <b>1</b>−<b>9</b> on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) from pancreatic β-cells. ASME and compounds <b>1</b>−<b>9</b> isolated from <i>A. membranaceus</i> stimulated insulin secretion in INS-1 cells without inducing cytotoxicity. A further experiment showed that compounds <b>2</b>, <b>3</b>, and <b>5</b> enhanced the phosphorylation of total insulin receptor substrate-2 (IRS-2), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), and Akt, and activated pancreatic and duodenal homeobox-1 (PDX-1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), which are associated with β-cell function and insulin secretion. The data suggest that two isoflavonoids (<b>2</b> and <b>3)</b> and a nucleoside (compound <b>5</b>), isolated from the roots of <i>A. membranaceus</i>, have the potential to improve insulin secretion in β-cells, representing the first step towards the development of potent antidiabetic drugs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-18T08:14:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-62d5e32b8fd943f1849205c4be54ae92 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-273X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-18T08:14:05Z |
| publishDate | 2019-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomolecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-62d5e32b8fd943f1849205c4be54ae922022-12-21T21:14:50ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2019-10-0191061810.3390/biom9100618biom9100618Identification and Isolation of Active Compounds from <i>Astragalus membranaceus</i> that Improve Insulin Secretion by Regulating Pancreatic Β-Cell MetabolismDahae Lee0Da Hye Lee1Sungyoul Choi2Jin Su Lee3Dae Sik Jang4Ki Sung Kang5College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, KoreaDepartment of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, KoreaCollege of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, KoreaDepartment of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, KoreaDepartment of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, KoreaCollege of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, KoreaIn type 2 diabetes (T2D), insufficient secretion of insulin from the pancreatic β-cells contributes to high blood glucose levels, associated with metabolic dysregulation. Interest in natural products to complement or replace existing antidiabetic medications has increased. In this study, we examined the effect of <i>Astragalus membranaceus</i> extract (ASME) and its compounds <b>1</b>−<b>9</b> on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) from pancreatic β-cells. ASME and compounds <b>1</b>−<b>9</b> isolated from <i>A. membranaceus</i> stimulated insulin secretion in INS-1 cells without inducing cytotoxicity. A further experiment showed that compounds <b>2</b>, <b>3</b>, and <b>5</b> enhanced the phosphorylation of total insulin receptor substrate-2 (IRS-2), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), and Akt, and activated pancreatic and duodenal homeobox-1 (PDX-1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), which are associated with β-cell function and insulin secretion. The data suggest that two isoflavonoids (<b>2</b> and <b>3)</b> and a nucleoside (compound <b>5</b>), isolated from the roots of <i>A. membranaceus</i>, have the potential to improve insulin secretion in β-cells, representing the first step towards the development of potent antidiabetic drugs.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/9/10/618<i>astragalus membranaceus</i>insulinpi3kaktpparγpdx-1 |
| spellingShingle | Dahae Lee Da Hye Lee Sungyoul Choi Jin Su Lee Dae Sik Jang Ki Sung Kang Identification and Isolation of Active Compounds from <i>Astragalus membranaceus</i> that Improve Insulin Secretion by Regulating Pancreatic Β-Cell Metabolism Biomolecules <i>astragalus membranaceus</i> insulin pi3k akt pparγ pdx-1 |
| title | Identification and Isolation of Active Compounds from <i>Astragalus membranaceus</i> that Improve Insulin Secretion by Regulating Pancreatic Β-Cell Metabolism |
| title_full | Identification and Isolation of Active Compounds from <i>Astragalus membranaceus</i> that Improve Insulin Secretion by Regulating Pancreatic Β-Cell Metabolism |
| title_fullStr | Identification and Isolation of Active Compounds from <i>Astragalus membranaceus</i> that Improve Insulin Secretion by Regulating Pancreatic Β-Cell Metabolism |
| title_full_unstemmed | Identification and Isolation of Active Compounds from <i>Astragalus membranaceus</i> that Improve Insulin Secretion by Regulating Pancreatic Β-Cell Metabolism |
| title_short | Identification and Isolation of Active Compounds from <i>Astragalus membranaceus</i> that Improve Insulin Secretion by Regulating Pancreatic Β-Cell Metabolism |
| title_sort | identification and isolation of active compounds from i astragalus membranaceus i that improve insulin secretion by regulating pancreatic β cell metabolism |
| topic | <i>astragalus membranaceus</i> insulin pi3k akt pparγ pdx-1 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/9/10/618 |
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