The Evaluation of the Four-Chamber Cardiac Dissection Method of the Fetal Heart as an Alternative to Conventional Inflow–Outflow Dissection in Small Gestational-Age Fetuses
The examination of very small fetal hearts requires special equipment and a specialist that are not available in many general pathology laboratories. Compared to conventional examination, the four-chamber cardiac dissection (4CCD) method can be performed by any pathologist using instruments generall...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Diagnostics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/1/223 |
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| author | Camelia Albu Adelina Staicu Roxana Popa-Stanilă Cosmina Bondor Bogdan Pop Liviu Chiriac Dan Gheban Romeo Micu Romulus Valeriu Flaviu Turcu Simion Simon Doinița Crișan Florin Stamatian |
| author_facet | Camelia Albu Adelina Staicu Roxana Popa-Stanilă Cosmina Bondor Bogdan Pop Liviu Chiriac Dan Gheban Romeo Micu Romulus Valeriu Flaviu Turcu Simion Simon Doinița Crișan Florin Stamatian |
| author_sort | Camelia Albu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The examination of very small fetal hearts requires special equipment and a specialist that are not available in many general pathology laboratories. Compared to conventional examination, the four-chamber cardiac dissection (4CCD) method can be performed by any pathologist using instruments generally available in pathology services. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of the 4CCD method in the examination of small fetal hearts using post-mortem magnetic resonance imaging (pm-MRI) at 7T as the standard. Twelve fetuses with gestational ages between 13 and 19 weeks have been included in this study. All fetuses underwent pm-MRI examination prior to pathologic examination. The 4CCD method was used for the cardiac examination in all cases following the same guidelines for cardiac sectioning. The 4CCD was able to identify all cardiac anatomic structures as compared to pm-MRI at 7T, demonstrating a sensibility of 95.8% (95% CI, 94.5–95.8) and specificity of 100% (95% CI, 32.3–100). The overall accuracy in identifying cardiac anatomic structures was 95.8% (95% CI, 93.4–95.8). Additionally, the 4CCD method was able to detect cardiac anomalies with an overall diagnostic accuracy of 91% (95% CI, 85.8–94.2), sensibility of 67.6% (95% CI, 54.5–75.3), and specificity of 97% (95% CI, 93.7–99) as compared to pm-MRI at 7T. The four-chamber view dissection method can be considered as an alternative to the conventional inflow–outflow dissection method in selected cases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:37:27Z |
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| id | doaj.art-62fe42ab1a8c449d8b160f5c2fefa7fd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4418 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:37:27Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diagnostics |
| spelling | doaj.art-62fe42ab1a8c449d8b160f5c2fefa7fd2023-11-23T13:30:25ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182022-01-0112122310.3390/diagnostics12010223The Evaluation of the Four-Chamber Cardiac Dissection Method of the Fetal Heart as an Alternative to Conventional Inflow–Outflow Dissection in Small Gestational-Age FetusesCamelia Albu0Adelina Staicu1Roxana Popa-Stanilă2Cosmina Bondor3Bogdan Pop4Liviu Chiriac5Dan Gheban6Romeo Micu7Romulus Valeriu Flaviu Turcu8Simion Simon9Doinița Crișan10Florin Stamatian11Department of Pathology, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaIMOGEN Centre of Advanced Research Studies, Emergency County Hospital, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Pathology, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Medical Biophysics, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Pathology, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaNational Magnetic Resonance Centre, Babeș Bolyai University, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaNational Magnetic Resonance Centre, Babeș Bolyai University, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Pathology, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaIMOGEN Centre of Advanced Research Studies, Emergency County Hospital, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaThe examination of very small fetal hearts requires special equipment and a specialist that are not available in many general pathology laboratories. Compared to conventional examination, the four-chamber cardiac dissection (4CCD) method can be performed by any pathologist using instruments generally available in pathology services. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of the 4CCD method in the examination of small fetal hearts using post-mortem magnetic resonance imaging (pm-MRI) at 7T as the standard. Twelve fetuses with gestational ages between 13 and 19 weeks have been included in this study. All fetuses underwent pm-MRI examination prior to pathologic examination. The 4CCD method was used for the cardiac examination in all cases following the same guidelines for cardiac sectioning. The 4CCD was able to identify all cardiac anatomic structures as compared to pm-MRI at 7T, demonstrating a sensibility of 95.8% (95% CI, 94.5–95.8) and specificity of 100% (95% CI, 32.3–100). The overall accuracy in identifying cardiac anatomic structures was 95.8% (95% CI, 93.4–95.8). Additionally, the 4CCD method was able to detect cardiac anomalies with an overall diagnostic accuracy of 91% (95% CI, 85.8–94.2), sensibility of 67.6% (95% CI, 54.5–75.3), and specificity of 97% (95% CI, 93.7–99) as compared to pm-MRI at 7T. The four-chamber view dissection method can be considered as an alternative to the conventional inflow–outflow dissection method in selected cases.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/1/223magnetic resonance imagingmicroscopymacroscopyheart defectscongenitalfetus diagnostic imaging |
| spellingShingle | Camelia Albu Adelina Staicu Roxana Popa-Stanilă Cosmina Bondor Bogdan Pop Liviu Chiriac Dan Gheban Romeo Micu Romulus Valeriu Flaviu Turcu Simion Simon Doinița Crișan Florin Stamatian The Evaluation of the Four-Chamber Cardiac Dissection Method of the Fetal Heart as an Alternative to Conventional Inflow–Outflow Dissection in Small Gestational-Age Fetuses Diagnostics magnetic resonance imaging microscopy macroscopy heart defects congenital fetus diagnostic imaging |
| title | The Evaluation of the Four-Chamber Cardiac Dissection Method of the Fetal Heart as an Alternative to Conventional Inflow–Outflow Dissection in Small Gestational-Age Fetuses |
| title_full | The Evaluation of the Four-Chamber Cardiac Dissection Method of the Fetal Heart as an Alternative to Conventional Inflow–Outflow Dissection in Small Gestational-Age Fetuses |
| title_fullStr | The Evaluation of the Four-Chamber Cardiac Dissection Method of the Fetal Heart as an Alternative to Conventional Inflow–Outflow Dissection in Small Gestational-Age Fetuses |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Evaluation of the Four-Chamber Cardiac Dissection Method of the Fetal Heart as an Alternative to Conventional Inflow–Outflow Dissection in Small Gestational-Age Fetuses |
| title_short | The Evaluation of the Four-Chamber Cardiac Dissection Method of the Fetal Heart as an Alternative to Conventional Inflow–Outflow Dissection in Small Gestational-Age Fetuses |
| title_sort | evaluation of the four chamber cardiac dissection method of the fetal heart as an alternative to conventional inflow outflow dissection in small gestational age fetuses |
| topic | magnetic resonance imaging microscopy macroscopy heart defects congenital fetus diagnostic imaging |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/1/223 |
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