Speciation Analysis and Pollution Assessment of Heavy Metals in Farmland Soil of a Typical Mining Area: A Case Study of Dachang Tin Polymetallic Ore, Guangxi
To explore the distribution characteristics and degree of pollution of heavy metals in the farmland soil around the Dachang tin polymetallic mining area in Guangxi, a total of 140 soil samples were collected around the mining area in this study. The total amount and various forms of seven heavy meta...
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| author | Jiali Zhang Yinghong Liu Songtao Hong Meilan Wen Chaojie Zheng Panfeng Liu |
| author_facet | Jiali Zhang Yinghong Liu Songtao Hong Meilan Wen Chaojie Zheng Panfeng Liu |
| author_sort | Jiali Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | To explore the distribution characteristics and degree of pollution of heavy metals in the farmland soil around the Dachang tin polymetallic mining area in Guangxi, a total of 140 soil samples were collected around the mining area in this study. The total amount and various forms of seven heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Cd, Cr, Zn, As, and Ni) were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and the improved continuous extraction method of heavy metal speciation analysis in the soil, the potential ecological risk index (<i>RI</i>), the and Nemerow evaluation index (<i>P<sub>N</sub></i>) were used to evaluate pollution characteristics of the soil and the bioavailability of heavy metals. Corresponding remediation suggestions were given according to the pollution degree. The results show that the whole soil in the study area is acidic, reducing, and the content of organic matter is low. The average content of heavy metal elements is higher than the background value of Guangxi, among which Cd, Pb, and As exceed the control value and are the main elements of pollution. The speciation analysis of heavy metals in soil shows that Cd is dominated by the ion exchange form; Cu is mainly residual and in a humic acid combined form; and the rest of the elements are mainly in residual form. Among the seven heavy metals, Cd has the strongest mobility, biological toxicity, and ecological risk, followed by As, Ni, and Zn. The overall pollution level of the soil in the study area is heavily polluted (<i>P<sub>N</sub></i> = 39.6), which is a very strong ecological risk level (<i>RI</i> = 2196.9), and the main pollutants are Pb, As, and Cd; Cd pollution is the most serious. Correlation (CA) and principal component analysis (PCA) indicate that the pollution sources of Pb, Cu, Zn, Cd, and As among the seven elements were mainly controlled by tailings accumulation, mining, and transportation, and the sources of Cr and Ni were controlled by soil-forming parent materials. Furthermore, according to the actual situation of the farmland around the mining area, two remediation suggestions are put forward: (1) use stabilization remediation technology to clean up the pollution source, such as calcium dihydrogen phosphate to reduce the bioavailability of the most polluted elements, Cd and Pb, in the soil; (2) under the concept of green environmental protection, use <i>Typha orientalis</i> Presl to repair the industrial and mining wasteland and some unused land. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-630aeac512894b7e970fad22c05d6e202023-11-30T21:00:20ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172023-01-0113270810.3390/app13020708Speciation Analysis and Pollution Assessment of Heavy Metals in Farmland Soil of a Typical Mining Area: A Case Study of Dachang Tin Polymetallic Ore, GuangxiJiali Zhang0Yinghong Liu1Songtao Hong2Meilan Wen3Chaojie Zheng4Panfeng Liu5College of Earth and Sciences, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, ChinaCollege of Earth and Sciences, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, ChinaCollege of Earth and Sciences, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, ChinaCollege of Earth and Sciences, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, ChinaSchool of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, ChinaCollege of Earth and Sciences, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, ChinaTo explore the distribution characteristics and degree of pollution of heavy metals in the farmland soil around the Dachang tin polymetallic mining area in Guangxi, a total of 140 soil samples were collected around the mining area in this study. The total amount and various forms of seven heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Cd, Cr, Zn, As, and Ni) were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and the improved continuous extraction method of heavy metal speciation analysis in the soil, the potential ecological risk index (<i>RI</i>), the and Nemerow evaluation index (<i>P<sub>N</sub></i>) were used to evaluate pollution characteristics of the soil and the bioavailability of heavy metals. Corresponding remediation suggestions were given according to the pollution degree. The results show that the whole soil in the study area is acidic, reducing, and the content of organic matter is low. The average content of heavy metal elements is higher than the background value of Guangxi, among which Cd, Pb, and As exceed the control value and are the main elements of pollution. The speciation analysis of heavy metals in soil shows that Cd is dominated by the ion exchange form; Cu is mainly residual and in a humic acid combined form; and the rest of the elements are mainly in residual form. Among the seven heavy metals, Cd has the strongest mobility, biological toxicity, and ecological risk, followed by As, Ni, and Zn. The overall pollution level of the soil in the study area is heavily polluted (<i>P<sub>N</sub></i> = 39.6), which is a very strong ecological risk level (<i>RI</i> = 2196.9), and the main pollutants are Pb, As, and Cd; Cd pollution is the most serious. Correlation (CA) and principal component analysis (PCA) indicate that the pollution sources of Pb, Cu, Zn, Cd, and As among the seven elements were mainly controlled by tailings accumulation, mining, and transportation, and the sources of Cr and Ni were controlled by soil-forming parent materials. Furthermore, according to the actual situation of the farmland around the mining area, two remediation suggestions are put forward: (1) use stabilization remediation technology to clean up the pollution source, such as calcium dihydrogen phosphate to reduce the bioavailability of the most polluted elements, Cd and Pb, in the soil; (2) under the concept of green environmental protection, use <i>Typha orientalis</i> Presl to repair the industrial and mining wasteland and some unused land.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/2/708heavy metalexisting formbioavailabilityrisk assessmentDachang mining area |
| spellingShingle | Jiali Zhang Yinghong Liu Songtao Hong Meilan Wen Chaojie Zheng Panfeng Liu Speciation Analysis and Pollution Assessment of Heavy Metals in Farmland Soil of a Typical Mining Area: A Case Study of Dachang Tin Polymetallic Ore, Guangxi Applied Sciences heavy metal existing form bioavailability risk assessment Dachang mining area |
| title | Speciation Analysis and Pollution Assessment of Heavy Metals in Farmland Soil of a Typical Mining Area: A Case Study of Dachang Tin Polymetallic Ore, Guangxi |
| title_full | Speciation Analysis and Pollution Assessment of Heavy Metals in Farmland Soil of a Typical Mining Area: A Case Study of Dachang Tin Polymetallic Ore, Guangxi |
| title_fullStr | Speciation Analysis and Pollution Assessment of Heavy Metals in Farmland Soil of a Typical Mining Area: A Case Study of Dachang Tin Polymetallic Ore, Guangxi |
| title_full_unstemmed | Speciation Analysis and Pollution Assessment of Heavy Metals in Farmland Soil of a Typical Mining Area: A Case Study of Dachang Tin Polymetallic Ore, Guangxi |
| title_short | Speciation Analysis and Pollution Assessment of Heavy Metals in Farmland Soil of a Typical Mining Area: A Case Study of Dachang Tin Polymetallic Ore, Guangxi |
| title_sort | speciation analysis and pollution assessment of heavy metals in farmland soil of a typical mining area a case study of dachang tin polymetallic ore guangxi |
| topic | heavy metal existing form bioavailability risk assessment Dachang mining area |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/2/708 |
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