The effective population size of malaria mosquitoes: large impact of vector control.
Malaria vectors in sub-Saharan Africa have proven themselves very difficult adversaries in the global struggle against malaria. Decades of anti-vector interventions have yielded mixed results--with successful reductions in transmission in some areas and limited impacts in others. These varying succe...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2012-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS Genetics |
| Online Access: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3521722?pdf=render |
| _version_ | 1819094088599732224 |
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| author | Giridhar Athrey Giridhar Athrey Theresa K Hodges Michael R Reddy Hans J Overgaard Abrahan Matias Frances C Ridl Immo Kleinschmidt Adalgisa Caccone Michel A Slotman |
| author_facet | Giridhar Athrey Giridhar Athrey Theresa K Hodges Michael R Reddy Hans J Overgaard Abrahan Matias Frances C Ridl Immo Kleinschmidt Adalgisa Caccone Michel A Slotman |
| author_sort | Giridhar Athrey |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Malaria vectors in sub-Saharan Africa have proven themselves very difficult adversaries in the global struggle against malaria. Decades of anti-vector interventions have yielded mixed results--with successful reductions in transmission in some areas and limited impacts in others. These varying successes can be ascribed to a lack of universally effective vector control tools, as well as the development of insecticide resistance in mosquito populations. Understanding the impact of vector control on mosquito populations is crucial for planning new interventions and evaluating existing ones. However, estimates of population size changes in response to control efforts are often inaccurate because of limitations and biases in collection methods. Attempts to evaluate the impact of vector control on mosquito effective population size (N(e)) have produced inconclusive results thus far. Therefore, we obtained data for 13-15 microsatellite markers for more than 1,500 mosquitoes representing multiple time points for seven populations of three important vector species--Anopheles gambiae, An. melas, and An. moucheti--in Equatorial Guinea. These populations were exposed to indoor residual spraying or long-lasting insecticidal nets in recent years. For comparison, we also analyzed data from two populations that have no history of organized vector control. We used Approximate Bayesian Computation to reconstruct their demographic history, allowing us to evaluate the impact of these interventions on the effective population size. In six of the seven study populations, vector control had a dramatic impact on the effective population size, reducing N(e) between 55%-87%, the exception being a single An. melas population. In contrast, the two negative control populations did not experience a reduction in effective population size. This study is the first to conclusively link anti-vector intervention programs in Africa to sharply reduced effective population sizes of malaria vectors. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T23:21:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-630b3d016cef4a8fb1b120d63bb21439 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1553-7390 1553-7404 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T23:21:51Z |
| publishDate | 2012-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS Genetics |
| spelling | doaj.art-630b3d016cef4a8fb1b120d63bb214392022-12-21T18:46:46ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Genetics1553-73901553-74042012-01-01812e100309710.1371/journal.pgen.1003097The effective population size of malaria mosquitoes: large impact of vector control.Giridhar AthreyGiridhar AthreyTheresa K HodgesMichael R ReddyHans J OvergaardAbrahan MatiasFrances C RidlImmo KleinschmidtAdalgisa CacconeMichel A SlotmanMalaria vectors in sub-Saharan Africa have proven themselves very difficult adversaries in the global struggle against malaria. Decades of anti-vector interventions have yielded mixed results--with successful reductions in transmission in some areas and limited impacts in others. These varying successes can be ascribed to a lack of universally effective vector control tools, as well as the development of insecticide resistance in mosquito populations. Understanding the impact of vector control on mosquito populations is crucial for planning new interventions and evaluating existing ones. However, estimates of population size changes in response to control efforts are often inaccurate because of limitations and biases in collection methods. Attempts to evaluate the impact of vector control on mosquito effective population size (N(e)) have produced inconclusive results thus far. Therefore, we obtained data for 13-15 microsatellite markers for more than 1,500 mosquitoes representing multiple time points for seven populations of three important vector species--Anopheles gambiae, An. melas, and An. moucheti--in Equatorial Guinea. These populations were exposed to indoor residual spraying or long-lasting insecticidal nets in recent years. For comparison, we also analyzed data from two populations that have no history of organized vector control. We used Approximate Bayesian Computation to reconstruct their demographic history, allowing us to evaluate the impact of these interventions on the effective population size. In six of the seven study populations, vector control had a dramatic impact on the effective population size, reducing N(e) between 55%-87%, the exception being a single An. melas population. In contrast, the two negative control populations did not experience a reduction in effective population size. This study is the first to conclusively link anti-vector intervention programs in Africa to sharply reduced effective population sizes of malaria vectors.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3521722?pdf=render |
| spellingShingle | Giridhar Athrey Giridhar Athrey Theresa K Hodges Michael R Reddy Hans J Overgaard Abrahan Matias Frances C Ridl Immo Kleinschmidt Adalgisa Caccone Michel A Slotman The effective population size of malaria mosquitoes: large impact of vector control. PLoS Genetics |
| title | The effective population size of malaria mosquitoes: large impact of vector control. |
| title_full | The effective population size of malaria mosquitoes: large impact of vector control. |
| title_fullStr | The effective population size of malaria mosquitoes: large impact of vector control. |
| title_full_unstemmed | The effective population size of malaria mosquitoes: large impact of vector control. |
| title_short | The effective population size of malaria mosquitoes: large impact of vector control. |
| title_sort | effective population size of malaria mosquitoes large impact of vector control |
| url | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3521722?pdf=render |
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