Presynaptic AMPA Receptors in Health and Disease
AMPA receptors (AMPARs) are ionotropic glutamate receptors that play a major role in excitatory neurotransmission. AMPARs are located at both presynaptic and postsynaptic plasma membranes. A huge number of studies investigated the role of postsynaptic AMPARs in the normal and abnormal functioning of...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Cells |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/9/2260 |
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| author | Letizia Zanetti Maria Regoni Elena Ratti Flavia Valtorta Jenny Sassone |
| author_facet | Letizia Zanetti Maria Regoni Elena Ratti Flavia Valtorta Jenny Sassone |
| author_sort | Letizia Zanetti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | AMPA receptors (AMPARs) are ionotropic glutamate receptors that play a major role in excitatory neurotransmission. AMPARs are located at both presynaptic and postsynaptic plasma membranes. A huge number of studies investigated the role of postsynaptic AMPARs in the normal and abnormal functioning of the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). These studies highlighted that changes in the functional properties or abundance of postsynaptic AMPARs are major mechanisms underlying synaptic plasticity phenomena, providing molecular explanations for the processes of learning and memory. Conversely, the role of AMPARs at presynaptic terminals is as yet poorly clarified. Accruing evidence demonstrates that presynaptic AMPARs can modulate the release of various neurotransmitters. Recent studies also suggest that presynaptic AMPARs may possess double ionotropic-metabotropic features and that they are involved in the local regulation of actin dynamics in both dendritic and axonal compartments. In addition, evidence suggests a key role of presynaptic AMPARs in axonal pathology, in regulation of pain transmission and in the physiology of the auditory system. Thus, it appears that presynaptic AMPARs play an important modulatory role in nerve terminal activity, making them attractive as novel pharmacological targets for a variety of pathological conditions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:49:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-630eaeeacddd43c7a138da26853a6dce |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:49:18Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-630eaeeacddd43c7a138da26853a6dce2023-11-22T12:23:17ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092021-08-01109226010.3390/cells10092260Presynaptic AMPA Receptors in Health and DiseaseLetizia Zanetti0Maria Regoni1Elena Ratti2Flavia Valtorta3Jenny Sassone4Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, ItalyDivision of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, ItalyDivision of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, ItalyDivision of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, ItalyDivision of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, ItalyAMPA receptors (AMPARs) are ionotropic glutamate receptors that play a major role in excitatory neurotransmission. AMPARs are located at both presynaptic and postsynaptic plasma membranes. A huge number of studies investigated the role of postsynaptic AMPARs in the normal and abnormal functioning of the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). These studies highlighted that changes in the functional properties or abundance of postsynaptic AMPARs are major mechanisms underlying synaptic plasticity phenomena, providing molecular explanations for the processes of learning and memory. Conversely, the role of AMPARs at presynaptic terminals is as yet poorly clarified. Accruing evidence demonstrates that presynaptic AMPARs can modulate the release of various neurotransmitters. Recent studies also suggest that presynaptic AMPARs may possess double ionotropic-metabotropic features and that they are involved in the local regulation of actin dynamics in both dendritic and axonal compartments. In addition, evidence suggests a key role of presynaptic AMPARs in axonal pathology, in regulation of pain transmission and in the physiology of the auditory system. Thus, it appears that presynaptic AMPARs play an important modulatory role in nerve terminal activity, making them attractive as novel pharmacological targets for a variety of pathological conditions.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/9/2260glutamateGABAcatecholaminesserotoninacetylcholine |
| spellingShingle | Letizia Zanetti Maria Regoni Elena Ratti Flavia Valtorta Jenny Sassone Presynaptic AMPA Receptors in Health and Disease Cells glutamate GABA catecholamines serotonin acetylcholine |
| title | Presynaptic AMPA Receptors in Health and Disease |
| title_full | Presynaptic AMPA Receptors in Health and Disease |
| title_fullStr | Presynaptic AMPA Receptors in Health and Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Presynaptic AMPA Receptors in Health and Disease |
| title_short | Presynaptic AMPA Receptors in Health and Disease |
| title_sort | presynaptic ampa receptors in health and disease |
| topic | glutamate GABA catecholamines serotonin acetylcholine |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/9/2260 |
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