Agro-Morphological Characterization and Nutritional Profiling of Traditional Himalayan Crop Landraces for Their Promotion Toward Mainstream Agriculture
The northwest Indian Himalayas are often regarded as a biological hotspot for the presence of rich agro-biodiversity harboring locally adapted traditional crop landraces facing utter neglect owing to modern agricultural systems promoting high-yielding varieties. Addressing this challenge requires ex...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.898220/full |
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| author | Nikhil Malhotra Paras Sharma Hemant Sood Rahul Chandora Mamta Arya Jai Chand Rana Mohar Singh |
| author_facet | Nikhil Malhotra Paras Sharma Hemant Sood Rahul Chandora Mamta Arya Jai Chand Rana Mohar Singh |
| author_sort | Nikhil Malhotra |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The northwest Indian Himalayas are often regarded as a biological hotspot for the presence of rich agro-biodiversity harboring locally adapted traditional crop landraces facing utter neglect owing to modern agricultural systems promoting high-yielding varieties. Addressing this challenge requires extricating the potential of such cultivars in terms of agro-morphological and nutritional attributes. In this study, 29 traditional crop landraces of maize (11), paddy (07), finger millet (03), buckwheat (05), and naked barley (03) were characterized and evaluated for target traits of interest. In maize, Chitkanu emerged as an early maturing landrace (107 days) with high concentrations of zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), and potassium (K), and Safed makki showed the highest 100-seed weight (28.20 g). Similarly, Bamkua dhan exhibited high concentrations of K and phosphorus (P), and Lamgudi dhan showed a high protein content (14.86 g/100 g) among paddy landraces. Ogla-I and Phapra-I showed high contents of protein (14.80 g/100 g) and flavonoids (20.50 mg/g) among buckwheat landraces, respectively, followed by Nei-I, which exhibited the highest protein content (15.66 g/100 g) among naked barley landraces. Most of the target traits varied significantly (p < 0.05) among evaluated samples, except those associated with finger millet landraces. The grouping pattern obtained by principal component analysis (PCA) and multidimensional scaling (MDS) was congruent with the geographical relationship among the crop landraces. This study led to the identification of elite crop landraces having useful variations that could be exploited in plant breeding programs and biofortification strategies for future crop improvement. Our endeavor would aid in conserving the depleting Himalayan agro-biodiversity and promoting versatile traditional crops toward mainstream agriculture vis-à-vis future nutritional security. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T13:57:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-63177dad76404434bdbbd57ccf5f1737 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T13:57:01Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-63177dad76404434bdbbd57ccf5f17372022-12-22T03:30:21ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2022-06-011310.3389/fpls.2022.898220898220Agro-Morphological Characterization and Nutritional Profiling of Traditional Himalayan Crop Landraces for Their Promotion Toward Mainstream AgricultureNikhil Malhotra0Paras Sharma1Hemant Sood2Rahul Chandora3Mamta Arya4Jai Chand Rana5Mohar Singh6Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources Regional Station, Shimla, IndiaIndian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, IndiaDepartment of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, IndiaIndian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources Regional Station, Shimla, IndiaIndian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources Regional Station, Bhowali, IndiaAlliance of Bioversity International and CIAT, New Delhi, IndiaIndian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources Regional Station, Shimla, IndiaThe northwest Indian Himalayas are often regarded as a biological hotspot for the presence of rich agro-biodiversity harboring locally adapted traditional crop landraces facing utter neglect owing to modern agricultural systems promoting high-yielding varieties. Addressing this challenge requires extricating the potential of such cultivars in terms of agro-morphological and nutritional attributes. In this study, 29 traditional crop landraces of maize (11), paddy (07), finger millet (03), buckwheat (05), and naked barley (03) were characterized and evaluated for target traits of interest. In maize, Chitkanu emerged as an early maturing landrace (107 days) with high concentrations of zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), and potassium (K), and Safed makki showed the highest 100-seed weight (28.20 g). Similarly, Bamkua dhan exhibited high concentrations of K and phosphorus (P), and Lamgudi dhan showed a high protein content (14.86 g/100 g) among paddy landraces. Ogla-I and Phapra-I showed high contents of protein (14.80 g/100 g) and flavonoids (20.50 mg/g) among buckwheat landraces, respectively, followed by Nei-I, which exhibited the highest protein content (15.66 g/100 g) among naked barley landraces. Most of the target traits varied significantly (p < 0.05) among evaluated samples, except those associated with finger millet landraces. The grouping pattern obtained by principal component analysis (PCA) and multidimensional scaling (MDS) was congruent with the geographical relationship among the crop landraces. This study led to the identification of elite crop landraces having useful variations that could be exploited in plant breeding programs and biofortification strategies for future crop improvement. Our endeavor would aid in conserving the depleting Himalayan agro-biodiversity and promoting versatile traditional crops toward mainstream agriculture vis-à-vis future nutritional security.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.898220/fulllandracesagro-morphologyproximate compositionnutritional securityclimate change |
| spellingShingle | Nikhil Malhotra Paras Sharma Hemant Sood Rahul Chandora Mamta Arya Jai Chand Rana Mohar Singh Agro-Morphological Characterization and Nutritional Profiling of Traditional Himalayan Crop Landraces for Their Promotion Toward Mainstream Agriculture Frontiers in Plant Science landraces agro-morphology proximate composition nutritional security climate change |
| title | Agro-Morphological Characterization and Nutritional Profiling of Traditional Himalayan Crop Landraces for Their Promotion Toward Mainstream Agriculture |
| title_full | Agro-Morphological Characterization and Nutritional Profiling of Traditional Himalayan Crop Landraces for Their Promotion Toward Mainstream Agriculture |
| title_fullStr | Agro-Morphological Characterization and Nutritional Profiling of Traditional Himalayan Crop Landraces for Their Promotion Toward Mainstream Agriculture |
| title_full_unstemmed | Agro-Morphological Characterization and Nutritional Profiling of Traditional Himalayan Crop Landraces for Their Promotion Toward Mainstream Agriculture |
| title_short | Agro-Morphological Characterization and Nutritional Profiling of Traditional Himalayan Crop Landraces for Their Promotion Toward Mainstream Agriculture |
| title_sort | agro morphological characterization and nutritional profiling of traditional himalayan crop landraces for their promotion toward mainstream agriculture |
| topic | landraces agro-morphology proximate composition nutritional security climate change |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.898220/full |
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