Bmp Signal Gradient Modulates Convergent Cell Movement via <i>Xarhgef3.2</i> during Gastrulation of <i>Xenopus</i> Embryos
Gastrulation is a critical step in the establishment of a basic body plan during development. Convergence and extension (CE) cell movements organize germ layers during gastrulation. Noncanonical Wnt signaling has been known as major signaling that regulates CE cell movement by activating Rho and Rac...
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/1/44 |
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| author | Jaeho Yoon Vijay Kumar Ravi Shankar Goutam Sung-Chan Kim Soochul Park Unjoo Lee Jaebong Kim |
| author_facet | Jaeho Yoon Vijay Kumar Ravi Shankar Goutam Sung-Chan Kim Soochul Park Unjoo Lee Jaebong Kim |
| author_sort | Jaeho Yoon |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Gastrulation is a critical step in the establishment of a basic body plan during development. Convergence and extension (CE) cell movements organize germ layers during gastrulation. Noncanonical Wnt signaling has been known as major signaling that regulates CE cell movement by activating Rho and Rac. In addition, Bmp molecules are expressed in the ventral side of a developing embryo, and the ventral mesoderm region undergoes minimal CE cell movement while the dorsal mesoderm undergoes dynamic cell movements. This suggests that Bmp signal gradient may affect CE cell movement. To investigate whether Bmp signaling negatively regulates CE cell movements, we performed microarray-based screening and found that the transcription of <i>Xenopus</i> Arhgef3.2 (Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor) was negatively regulated by Bmp signaling. We also showed that overexpression or knockdown of <i>Xarhgef3.2</i> caused gastrulation defects. Interestingly, Xarhgef3.2 controlled gastrulation cell movements through interacting with Disheveled (Dsh2) and Dsh2-associated activator of morphogenesis 1 (Daam1). Our results suggest that Bmp gradient affects gastrulation cell movement (CE) via negative regulation of <i>Xarhgef3.2</i> expression. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:46:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-63183c3f503e4016abba2ead8d01962d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:46:21Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-63183c3f503e4016abba2ead8d01962d2023-11-23T11:19:20ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092021-12-011114410.3390/cells11010044Bmp Signal Gradient Modulates Convergent Cell Movement via <i>Xarhgef3.2</i> during Gastrulation of <i>Xenopus</i> EmbryosJaeho Yoon0Vijay Kumar1Ravi Shankar Goutam2Sung-Chan Kim3Soochul Park4Unjoo Lee5Jaebong Kim6Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Cell Differentiation and Aging, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, KoreaDepartment of Biochemistry, Institute of Cell Differentiation and Aging, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, KoreaDepartment of Biochemistry, Institute of Cell Differentiation and Aging, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, KoreaDepartment of Biochemistry, Institute of Cell Differentiation and Aging, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, KoreaDepartment of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 04310, KoreaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, KoreaDepartment of Biochemistry, Institute of Cell Differentiation and Aging, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, KoreaGastrulation is a critical step in the establishment of a basic body plan during development. Convergence and extension (CE) cell movements organize germ layers during gastrulation. Noncanonical Wnt signaling has been known as major signaling that regulates CE cell movement by activating Rho and Rac. In addition, Bmp molecules are expressed in the ventral side of a developing embryo, and the ventral mesoderm region undergoes minimal CE cell movement while the dorsal mesoderm undergoes dynamic cell movements. This suggests that Bmp signal gradient may affect CE cell movement. To investigate whether Bmp signaling negatively regulates CE cell movements, we performed microarray-based screening and found that the transcription of <i>Xenopus</i> Arhgef3.2 (Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor) was negatively regulated by Bmp signaling. We also showed that overexpression or knockdown of <i>Xarhgef3.2</i> caused gastrulation defects. Interestingly, Xarhgef3.2 controlled gastrulation cell movements through interacting with Disheveled (Dsh2) and Dsh2-associated activator of morphogenesis 1 (Daam1). Our results suggest that Bmp gradient affects gastrulation cell movement (CE) via negative regulation of <i>Xarhgef3.2</i> expression.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/1/44BmpWnt-PCPgastrulation<i>Xarhgef3.2</i>Disheveleddaam1 |
| spellingShingle | Jaeho Yoon Vijay Kumar Ravi Shankar Goutam Sung-Chan Kim Soochul Park Unjoo Lee Jaebong Kim Bmp Signal Gradient Modulates Convergent Cell Movement via <i>Xarhgef3.2</i> during Gastrulation of <i>Xenopus</i> Embryos Cells Bmp Wnt-PCP gastrulation <i>Xarhgef3.2</i> Disheveled daam1 |
| title | Bmp Signal Gradient Modulates Convergent Cell Movement via <i>Xarhgef3.2</i> during Gastrulation of <i>Xenopus</i> Embryos |
| title_full | Bmp Signal Gradient Modulates Convergent Cell Movement via <i>Xarhgef3.2</i> during Gastrulation of <i>Xenopus</i> Embryos |
| title_fullStr | Bmp Signal Gradient Modulates Convergent Cell Movement via <i>Xarhgef3.2</i> during Gastrulation of <i>Xenopus</i> Embryos |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bmp Signal Gradient Modulates Convergent Cell Movement via <i>Xarhgef3.2</i> during Gastrulation of <i>Xenopus</i> Embryos |
| title_short | Bmp Signal Gradient Modulates Convergent Cell Movement via <i>Xarhgef3.2</i> during Gastrulation of <i>Xenopus</i> Embryos |
| title_sort | bmp signal gradient modulates convergent cell movement via i xarhgef3 2 i during gastrulation of i xenopus i embryos |
| topic | Bmp Wnt-PCP gastrulation <i>Xarhgef3.2</i> Disheveled daam1 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/1/44 |
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