Evolution of Network Structure and Mechanical Properties in Autonomous-Strengthening Dental Adhesive
The inherent degradation property of most dental resins in the mouth leads to the long-term release of degradation by-products at the adhesive/tooth interface. The by-products increase the virulence of cariogenic bacteria, provoking a degradative positive-feedback loop that leads to physicochemical...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/12/9/2076 |
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| author | Rizacan Sarikaya Linyong Song Qiang Ye Anil Misra Candan Tamerler Paulette Spencer |
| author_facet | Rizacan Sarikaya Linyong Song Qiang Ye Anil Misra Candan Tamerler Paulette Spencer |
| author_sort | Rizacan Sarikaya |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The inherent degradation property of most dental resins in the mouth leads to the long-term release of degradation by-products at the adhesive/tooth interface. The by-products increase the virulence of cariogenic bacteria, provoking a degradative positive-feedback loop that leads to physicochemical and mechanical failure. Photoinduced free-radical polymerization and sol‒gel reactions have been coupled to produce a novel autonomous-strengthening adhesive with enhanced hydrolytic stability. This paper investigates the effect of network structure on time-dependent mechanical properties in adhesives with and without autonomous strengthening. Stress relaxation was conducted under 0.2% strain for 8 h followed by 40 h recovery in water. The stress‒time relationship is analyzed by nonlinear least-squares data-fitting. The fitted Prony series predicts the sample’s history under monotonic loading. Results showed that the control failed after the first loading‒unloading‒recovery cycle with permanent deformation. While for the experimental sample, the displacement was almost completely recovered and the Young’s modulus increased significantly after the first test cycle. The experimental polymer exhibited higher degree of conversion, lower leachate, and time-dependent stiffening characteristics. The autonomous-strengthening reaction persists in the aqueous environment leading to a network with enhanced resistance to deformation. The results illustrate a rational approach for tuning the viscoelasticity of durable dental adhesives. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:22:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6324f449d82b432dac111b1dd163d9ba |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:22:28Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-6324f449d82b432dac111b1dd163d9ba2023-11-20T13:33:17ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602020-09-01129207610.3390/polym12092076Evolution of Network Structure and Mechanical Properties in Autonomous-Strengthening Dental AdhesiveRizacan Sarikaya0Linyong Song1Qiang Ye2Anil Misra3Candan Tamerler4Paulette Spencer5Institute for Bioengineering Research, University of Kansas, 1530 W. 15th Street, Lawrence, KS 66045-7609, USAInstitute for Bioengineering Research, University of Kansas, 1530 W. 15th Street, Lawrence, KS 66045-7609, USAInstitute for Bioengineering Research, University of Kansas, 1530 W. 15th Street, Lawrence, KS 66045-7609, USAInstitute for Bioengineering Research, University of Kansas, 1530 W. 15th Street, Lawrence, KS 66045-7609, USAInstitute for Bioengineering Research, University of Kansas, 1530 W. 15th Street, Lawrence, KS 66045-7609, USAInstitute for Bioengineering Research, University of Kansas, 1530 W. 15th Street, Lawrence, KS 66045-7609, USAThe inherent degradation property of most dental resins in the mouth leads to the long-term release of degradation by-products at the adhesive/tooth interface. The by-products increase the virulence of cariogenic bacteria, provoking a degradative positive-feedback loop that leads to physicochemical and mechanical failure. Photoinduced free-radical polymerization and sol‒gel reactions have been coupled to produce a novel autonomous-strengthening adhesive with enhanced hydrolytic stability. This paper investigates the effect of network structure on time-dependent mechanical properties in adhesives with and without autonomous strengthening. Stress relaxation was conducted under 0.2% strain for 8 h followed by 40 h recovery in water. The stress‒time relationship is analyzed by nonlinear least-squares data-fitting. The fitted Prony series predicts the sample’s history under monotonic loading. Results showed that the control failed after the first loading‒unloading‒recovery cycle with permanent deformation. While for the experimental sample, the displacement was almost completely recovered and the Young’s modulus increased significantly after the first test cycle. The experimental polymer exhibited higher degree of conversion, lower leachate, and time-dependent stiffening characteristics. The autonomous-strengthening reaction persists in the aqueous environment leading to a network with enhanced resistance to deformation. The results illustrate a rational approach for tuning the viscoelasticity of durable dental adhesives.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/12/9/2076polymersdental adhesiveautonomous strengtheningstress relaxationmechanical property evolutionProny series |
| spellingShingle | Rizacan Sarikaya Linyong Song Qiang Ye Anil Misra Candan Tamerler Paulette Spencer Evolution of Network Structure and Mechanical Properties in Autonomous-Strengthening Dental Adhesive Polymers polymers dental adhesive autonomous strengthening stress relaxation mechanical property evolution Prony series |
| title | Evolution of Network Structure and Mechanical Properties in Autonomous-Strengthening Dental Adhesive |
| title_full | Evolution of Network Structure and Mechanical Properties in Autonomous-Strengthening Dental Adhesive |
| title_fullStr | Evolution of Network Structure and Mechanical Properties in Autonomous-Strengthening Dental Adhesive |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evolution of Network Structure and Mechanical Properties in Autonomous-Strengthening Dental Adhesive |
| title_short | Evolution of Network Structure and Mechanical Properties in Autonomous-Strengthening Dental Adhesive |
| title_sort | evolution of network structure and mechanical properties in autonomous strengthening dental adhesive |
| topic | polymers dental adhesive autonomous strengthening stress relaxation mechanical property evolution Prony series |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/12/9/2076 |
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