Correlation between Supergranular Lane Widths and Sunspot Number; A Simple Way to Predict the Amplitude of Sunspot Cycle
The network structure seen in the solar images is the outline of supergranulation, which is the large-scale convection in the Sun with a size of about 30 Mm and a lifetime of 24 hr. We have obtained the supergranulation lane widths from the autocorrelation function of image windows from the Ca ii K...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2023-01-01
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| Series: | The Astrophysical Journal Letters |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ad13e9 |
| _version_ | 1797385903884206080 |
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| author | K P Raju Jagdev Singh Belur Ravindra Muthu Priyal |
| author_facet | K P Raju Jagdev Singh Belur Ravindra Muthu Priyal |
| author_sort | K P Raju |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The network structure seen in the solar images is the outline of supergranulation, which is the large-scale convection in the Sun with a size of about 30 Mm and a lifetime of 24 hr. We have obtained the supergranulation lane widths from the autocorrelation function of image windows from the Ca ii K spectroheliograms. The images are obtained from the 100 yr Kodaikanal data, which contains information on more than nine solar cycles. The lane widths are known to show a positive correlation with the sunspot number. It is now found that the lane widths, obtained near the mid-latitudes during the sunspot cycle minima, are strongly correlated to the following sunspot number maxima. A straight-line fit adequately describes the variation. It is also found that the correlation is weak or insignificant at other times. The strong correlation of the two parameters thus provides a simple way to predict the maximum sunspot number about 4–5 yr in advance. The results are important in space weather predictions and solar irradiance variations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T22:01:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6326161f8cc2408295d5275bbcea6ef5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2041-8205 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T22:01:04Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Astrophysical Journal Letters |
| spelling | doaj.art-6326161f8cc2408295d5275bbcea6ef52023-12-19T15:24:37ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal Letters2041-82052023-01-019592L2410.3847/2041-8213/ad13e9Correlation between Supergranular Lane Widths and Sunspot Number; A Simple Way to Predict the Amplitude of Sunspot CycleK P Raju0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6648-4170Jagdev Singh1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0562-2979Belur Ravindra2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2165-3388Muthu Priyal3https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6093-3302Indian Institute of Astrophysics , Bangalore 560034, IndiaIndian Institute of Astrophysics , Bangalore 560034, IndiaIndian Institute of Astrophysics , Bangalore 560034, IndiaIndian Institute of Astrophysics , Bangalore 560034, IndiaThe network structure seen in the solar images is the outline of supergranulation, which is the large-scale convection in the Sun with a size of about 30 Mm and a lifetime of 24 hr. We have obtained the supergranulation lane widths from the autocorrelation function of image windows from the Ca ii K spectroheliograms. The images are obtained from the 100 yr Kodaikanal data, which contains information on more than nine solar cycles. The lane widths are known to show a positive correlation with the sunspot number. It is now found that the lane widths, obtained near the mid-latitudes during the sunspot cycle minima, are strongly correlated to the following sunspot number maxima. A straight-line fit adequately describes the variation. It is also found that the correlation is weak or insignificant at other times. The strong correlation of the two parameters thus provides a simple way to predict the maximum sunspot number about 4–5 yr in advance. The results are important in space weather predictions and solar irradiance variations.https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ad13e9Solar cycleSolar atmosphere |
| spellingShingle | K P Raju Jagdev Singh Belur Ravindra Muthu Priyal Correlation between Supergranular Lane Widths and Sunspot Number; A Simple Way to Predict the Amplitude of Sunspot Cycle The Astrophysical Journal Letters Solar cycle Solar atmosphere |
| title | Correlation between Supergranular Lane Widths and Sunspot Number; A Simple Way to Predict the Amplitude of Sunspot Cycle |
| title_full | Correlation between Supergranular Lane Widths and Sunspot Number; A Simple Way to Predict the Amplitude of Sunspot Cycle |
| title_fullStr | Correlation between Supergranular Lane Widths and Sunspot Number; A Simple Way to Predict the Amplitude of Sunspot Cycle |
| title_full_unstemmed | Correlation between Supergranular Lane Widths and Sunspot Number; A Simple Way to Predict the Amplitude of Sunspot Cycle |
| title_short | Correlation between Supergranular Lane Widths and Sunspot Number; A Simple Way to Predict the Amplitude of Sunspot Cycle |
| title_sort | correlation between supergranular lane widths and sunspot number a simple way to predict the amplitude of sunspot cycle |
| topic | Solar cycle Solar atmosphere |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ad13e9 |
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