Measuring Openness to Political Pluralism
In an era of increased political polarization, it is important to measure how receptive US American citizens are to diverse political views. Being more open to diverse political viewpoints—openness to political pluralism—may involve holding emotional and intellectual tolerance, non-rigidity, and pro...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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PsychOpen GOLD/ Leibniz Institute for Psychology
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Journal of Social and Political Psychology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://jspp.psychopen.eu/index.php/jspp/article/view/7867 |
| _version_ | 1797965620384366592 |
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| author | Patrick E. Shrout Mao Mogami Qi Xu Yasaman Ghodse-Elahi Elizabeth Mutter Matthew T. Riccio Timothy J. Valshtein V. Baadan Shahrzad Goudarzi |
| author_facet | Patrick E. Shrout Mao Mogami Qi Xu Yasaman Ghodse-Elahi Elizabeth Mutter Matthew T. Riccio Timothy J. Valshtein V. Baadan Shahrzad Goudarzi |
| author_sort | Patrick E. Shrout |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In an era of increased political polarization, it is important to measure how receptive US American citizens are to diverse political views. Being more open to diverse political viewpoints—openness to political pluralism—may involve holding emotional and intellectual tolerance, non-rigidity, and proactive motivation to seek out different political perspectives. In three preregistered studies of US residents, we present a new self-report measure of openness to political pluralism (OPP) consisting of 25 items. In Study 1 (MTurk n = 400), we verified a preregistered bifactor model with four facets, conducted initial validity analyses, and created a short five-item version (OPPS). Both OPP and OPPS have high internal consistency and test-retest reliability. In Studies 2 and 3, MTurk participants (n = 258) and Qualtrics panel participants (n = 296) completed OPP and measures of related constructs to validate our scale. OPP was modestly correlated with actively open-minded thinking (AOT) and highly correlated with open-minded cognition-political (OMC-P). Greater OPP was associated with an inverted U-shape relation to left-right political orientation. It was also correlated with more politically diverse social networks and varied information seeking. We discuss how our measure of openness to political pluralism can be used in future research. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T02:02:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-632c0f17c40445d1acc5c4540d88de1e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2195-3325 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T02:02:52Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | PsychOpen GOLD/ Leibniz Institute for Psychology |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Social and Political Psychology |
| spelling | doaj.art-632c0f17c40445d1acc5c4540d88de1e2023-01-03T03:39:55ZengPsychOpen GOLD/ Leibniz Institute for PsychologyJournal of Social and Political Psychology2195-33252022-10-0110262464210.5964/jspp.7867jspp.7867Measuring Openness to Political PluralismPatrick E. Shrout0Mao Mogami1Qi Xu2Yasaman Ghodse-Elahi3Elizabeth Mutter4Matthew T. Riccio5Timothy J. Valshtein6V. Baadan7Shahrzad Goudarzi8Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY, USADepartment of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY, USADepartment of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY, USADepartment of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY, USADepartment of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY, USADepartment of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY, USADepartment of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY, USADepartment of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY, USADepartment of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY, USAIn an era of increased political polarization, it is important to measure how receptive US American citizens are to diverse political views. Being more open to diverse political viewpoints—openness to political pluralism—may involve holding emotional and intellectual tolerance, non-rigidity, and proactive motivation to seek out different political perspectives. In three preregistered studies of US residents, we present a new self-report measure of openness to political pluralism (OPP) consisting of 25 items. In Study 1 (MTurk n = 400), we verified a preregistered bifactor model with four facets, conducted initial validity analyses, and created a short five-item version (OPPS). Both OPP and OPPS have high internal consistency and test-retest reliability. In Studies 2 and 3, MTurk participants (n = 258) and Qualtrics panel participants (n = 296) completed OPP and measures of related constructs to validate our scale. OPP was modestly correlated with actively open-minded thinking (AOT) and highly correlated with open-minded cognition-political (OMC-P). Greater OPP was associated with an inverted U-shape relation to left-right political orientation. It was also correlated with more politically diverse social networks and varied information seeking. We discuss how our measure of openness to political pluralism can be used in future research.https://jspp.psychopen.eu/index.php/jspp/article/view/7867political psychologyindividual differencesmeasurementopennessinformation |
| spellingShingle | Patrick E. Shrout Mao Mogami Qi Xu Yasaman Ghodse-Elahi Elizabeth Mutter Matthew T. Riccio Timothy J. Valshtein V. Baadan Shahrzad Goudarzi Measuring Openness to Political Pluralism Journal of Social and Political Psychology political psychology individual differences measurement openness information |
| title | Measuring Openness to Political Pluralism |
| title_full | Measuring Openness to Political Pluralism |
| title_fullStr | Measuring Openness to Political Pluralism |
| title_full_unstemmed | Measuring Openness to Political Pluralism |
| title_short | Measuring Openness to Political Pluralism |
| title_sort | measuring openness to political pluralism |
| topic | political psychology individual differences measurement openness information |
| url | https://jspp.psychopen.eu/index.php/jspp/article/view/7867 |
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