A Polymer Asymmetric Mach–Zehnder Interferometer Sensor Model Based on Electrode Thermal Writing Waveguide Technology

This paper presents a novel electrode thermal writing waveguide based on a heating-induced refractive index change mechanism. The mode condition and the electrode thermal writing parameters were optimized, and the output patterns of the optical field were obtained in a series of simulations. Moreove...

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Main Authors: Baizhu Lin, Yunji Yi, Yue Cao, Jiawen Lv, Yue Yang, Fei Wang, Xiaoqiang Sun, Daming Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2019-09-01
Series:Micromachines
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/10/10/628
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author Baizhu Lin
Yunji Yi
Yue Cao
Jiawen Lv
Yue Yang
Fei Wang
Xiaoqiang Sun
Daming Zhang
author_facet Baizhu Lin
Yunji Yi
Yue Cao
Jiawen Lv
Yue Yang
Fei Wang
Xiaoqiang Sun
Daming Zhang
author_sort Baizhu Lin
collection DOAJ
description This paper presents a novel electrode thermal writing waveguide based on a heating-induced refractive index change mechanism. The mode condition and the electrode thermal writing parameters were optimized, and the output patterns of the optical field were obtained in a series of simulations. Moreover, the effect of various adjustments on the sensing range of the nanoimprint M-Z temperature sensor was analyzed theoretically. A refractive index asymmetry Mach&#8722;Zehnder (M-Z) waveguide sensor with a tunable refractive index for a waveguide core layer was simulated with a length difference of 946.1 &#181;m. The optimal width and height of the invert ridge waveguide were 2 &#956;m and 2.8 &#956;m, respectively, while the slab thickness was 1.2 &#956;m. The sensing accuracy was calculated to range from 2.0896 &#215; 10<sup>4</sup> to 5.1252 &#215; 10<sup>4</sup> in the 1.51&#8722;1.54 region. The sensing fade issue can be resolved by changing the waveguide core refractive index to 0.001 via an electrode thermal writing method. Thermal writing a single M-Z waveguide arm changes its refractive index by 0.03. The sensor&#8217;s accuracy can be improved 1.5 times by the proposed method. The sensor described in this paper shows great prospects in organism temperature detection, molecular analysis, and biotechnology applications.
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spelling doaj.art-632eb3e1081240b8b29e2d4648bd56692022-12-22T01:26:49ZengMDPI AGMicromachines2072-666X2019-09-01101062810.3390/mi10100628mi10100628A Polymer Asymmetric Mach–Zehnder Interferometer Sensor Model Based on Electrode Thermal Writing Waveguide TechnologyBaizhu Lin0Yunji Yi1Yue Cao2Jiawen Lv3Yue Yang4Fei Wang5Xiaoqiang Sun6Daming Zhang7State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, ChinaState Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, ChinaState Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, ChinaState Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, ChinaState Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, ChinaState Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, ChinaState Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, ChinaState Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, ChinaThis paper presents a novel electrode thermal writing waveguide based on a heating-induced refractive index change mechanism. The mode condition and the electrode thermal writing parameters were optimized, and the output patterns of the optical field were obtained in a series of simulations. Moreover, the effect of various adjustments on the sensing range of the nanoimprint M-Z temperature sensor was analyzed theoretically. A refractive index asymmetry Mach&#8722;Zehnder (M-Z) waveguide sensor with a tunable refractive index for a waveguide core layer was simulated with a length difference of 946.1 &#181;m. The optimal width and height of the invert ridge waveguide were 2 &#956;m and 2.8 &#956;m, respectively, while the slab thickness was 1.2 &#956;m. The sensing accuracy was calculated to range from 2.0896 &#215; 10<sup>4</sup> to 5.1252 &#215; 10<sup>4</sup> in the 1.51&#8722;1.54 region. The sensing fade issue can be resolved by changing the waveguide core refractive index to 0.001 via an electrode thermal writing method. Thermal writing a single M-Z waveguide arm changes its refractive index by 0.03. The sensor&#8217;s accuracy can be improved 1.5 times by the proposed method. The sensor described in this paper shows great prospects in organism temperature detection, molecular analysis, and biotechnology applications.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/10/10/628polymer waveguidesintegrated opticssensorsthermal writing waveguide
spellingShingle Baizhu Lin
Yunji Yi
Yue Cao
Jiawen Lv
Yue Yang
Fei Wang
Xiaoqiang Sun
Daming Zhang
A Polymer Asymmetric Mach–Zehnder Interferometer Sensor Model Based on Electrode Thermal Writing Waveguide Technology
Micromachines
polymer waveguides
integrated optics
sensors
thermal writing waveguide
title A Polymer Asymmetric Mach–Zehnder Interferometer Sensor Model Based on Electrode Thermal Writing Waveguide Technology
title_full A Polymer Asymmetric Mach–Zehnder Interferometer Sensor Model Based on Electrode Thermal Writing Waveguide Technology
title_fullStr A Polymer Asymmetric Mach–Zehnder Interferometer Sensor Model Based on Electrode Thermal Writing Waveguide Technology
title_full_unstemmed A Polymer Asymmetric Mach–Zehnder Interferometer Sensor Model Based on Electrode Thermal Writing Waveguide Technology
title_short A Polymer Asymmetric Mach–Zehnder Interferometer Sensor Model Based on Electrode Thermal Writing Waveguide Technology
title_sort polymer asymmetric mach zehnder interferometer sensor model based on electrode thermal writing waveguide technology
topic polymer waveguides
integrated optics
sensors
thermal writing waveguide
url https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/10/10/628
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