Marine omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids induce sex-specific changes in reinforcer-controlled behaviour and neurotransmitter metabolism in a spontaneously hypertensive rat model of ADHD
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Previous reports suggest that omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) supplements may reduce ADHD-like behaviour. Our aim was to investigate potential effects of n-3 PUFA supplementation in an animal model of ADHD.</p>...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2012-12-01
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| Series: | Behavioral and Brain Functions |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.behavioralandbrainfunctions.com/content/8/1/56 |
| _version_ | 1818513631531237376 |
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| author | Dervola Kine S Roberg Bjørg Å Wøien Grete Bogen Inger Lise Sandvik Torbjørn H Sagvolden Terje Drevon Christian A Johansen Espen Borgå Walaas Sven Ivar |
| author_facet | Dervola Kine S Roberg Bjørg Å Wøien Grete Bogen Inger Lise Sandvik Torbjørn H Sagvolden Terje Drevon Christian A Johansen Espen Borgå Walaas Sven Ivar |
| author_sort | Dervola Kine S |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Previous reports suggest that omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) supplements may reduce ADHD-like behaviour. Our aim was to investigate potential effects of n-3 PUFA supplementation in an animal model of ADHD.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We used spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). SHR dams were given n-3 PUFA (EPA and DHA)-enriched feed (n-6/n-3 of 1:2.7) during pregnancy, with their offspring continuing on this diet until sacrificed. The SHR controls and Wistar Kyoto (WKY) control rats were given control-feed (n-6/n-3 of 7:1). During postnatal days (PND) 25–50, offspring were tested for reinforcement-dependent attention, impulsivity and hyperactivity as well as spontaneous locomotion. The animals were then sacrificed at PND 55–60 and their neostriata were analysed for monoamine and amino acid neurotransmitters with high performance liquid chromatography.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>n-3 PUFA supplementation significantly enhanced reinforcement-controlled attention and reduced lever-directed hyperactivity and impulsiveness in SHR males whereas the opposite or no effects were observed in females. Analysis of neostriata from the same animals showed significantly enhanced dopamine and serotonin turnover ratios in the male SHRs, whereas female SHRs showed no change, except for an intermediate increase in serotonin catabolism. In contrast, both male and female SHRs showed n-3 PUFA-induced reduction in non-reinforced spontaneous locomotion, and sex-independent changes in glycine levels and glutamate turnover.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Feeding n-3 PUFAs to the ADHD model rats induced sex-specific changes in reinforcement-motivated behaviour and a sex-independent change in non-reinforcement-associated behaviour, which correlated with changes in presynaptic striatal monoamine and amino acid signalling, respectively. Thus, dietary n-3 PUFAs may partly ameliorate ADHD-like behaviour by reinforcement-induced mechanisms in males and partly via reinforcement-insensitive mechanisms in both sexes.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T00:04:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6342a0af9f294707a94ec1cebc5e8ebe |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1744-9081 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T00:04:10Z |
| publishDate | 2012-12-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Behavioral and Brain Functions |
| spelling | doaj.art-6342a0af9f294707a94ec1cebc5e8ebe2022-12-22T01:28:22ZengBMCBehavioral and Brain Functions1744-90812012-12-01815610.1186/1744-9081-8-56Marine omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids induce sex-specific changes in reinforcer-controlled behaviour and neurotransmitter metabolism in a spontaneously hypertensive rat model of ADHDDervola Kine SRoberg Bjørg ÅWøien GreteBogen Inger LiseSandvik Torbjørn HSagvolden TerjeDrevon Christian AJohansen Espen BorgåWalaas Sven Ivar<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Previous reports suggest that omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) supplements may reduce ADHD-like behaviour. Our aim was to investigate potential effects of n-3 PUFA supplementation in an animal model of ADHD.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We used spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). SHR dams were given n-3 PUFA (EPA and DHA)-enriched feed (n-6/n-3 of 1:2.7) during pregnancy, with their offspring continuing on this diet until sacrificed. The SHR controls and Wistar Kyoto (WKY) control rats were given control-feed (n-6/n-3 of 7:1). During postnatal days (PND) 25–50, offspring were tested for reinforcement-dependent attention, impulsivity and hyperactivity as well as spontaneous locomotion. The animals were then sacrificed at PND 55–60 and their neostriata were analysed for monoamine and amino acid neurotransmitters with high performance liquid chromatography.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>n-3 PUFA supplementation significantly enhanced reinforcement-controlled attention and reduced lever-directed hyperactivity and impulsiveness in SHR males whereas the opposite or no effects were observed in females. Analysis of neostriata from the same animals showed significantly enhanced dopamine and serotonin turnover ratios in the male SHRs, whereas female SHRs showed no change, except for an intermediate increase in serotonin catabolism. In contrast, both male and female SHRs showed n-3 PUFA-induced reduction in non-reinforced spontaneous locomotion, and sex-independent changes in glycine levels and glutamate turnover.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Feeding n-3 PUFAs to the ADHD model rats induced sex-specific changes in reinforcement-motivated behaviour and a sex-independent change in non-reinforcement-associated behaviour, which correlated with changes in presynaptic striatal monoamine and amino acid signalling, respectively. Thus, dietary n-3 PUFAs may partly ameliorate ADHD-like behaviour by reinforcement-induced mechanisms in males and partly via reinforcement-insensitive mechanisms in both sexes.</p>http://www.behavioralandbrainfunctions.com/content/8/1/56Omega-3ADHDBehaviourDopamineSerotoninGlutamateNeostriatum |
| spellingShingle | Dervola Kine S Roberg Bjørg Å Wøien Grete Bogen Inger Lise Sandvik Torbjørn H Sagvolden Terje Drevon Christian A Johansen Espen Borgå Walaas Sven Ivar Marine omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids induce sex-specific changes in reinforcer-controlled behaviour and neurotransmitter metabolism in a spontaneously hypertensive rat model of ADHD Behavioral and Brain Functions Omega-3 ADHD Behaviour Dopamine Serotonin Glutamate Neostriatum |
| title | Marine omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids induce sex-specific changes in reinforcer-controlled behaviour and neurotransmitter metabolism in a spontaneously hypertensive rat model of ADHD |
| title_full | Marine omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids induce sex-specific changes in reinforcer-controlled behaviour and neurotransmitter metabolism in a spontaneously hypertensive rat model of ADHD |
| title_fullStr | Marine omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids induce sex-specific changes in reinforcer-controlled behaviour and neurotransmitter metabolism in a spontaneously hypertensive rat model of ADHD |
| title_full_unstemmed | Marine omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids induce sex-specific changes in reinforcer-controlled behaviour and neurotransmitter metabolism in a spontaneously hypertensive rat model of ADHD |
| title_short | Marine omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids induce sex-specific changes in reinforcer-controlled behaviour and neurotransmitter metabolism in a spontaneously hypertensive rat model of ADHD |
| title_sort | marine omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids induce sex specific changes in reinforcer controlled behaviour and neurotransmitter metabolism in a spontaneously hypertensive rat model of adhd |
| topic | Omega-3 ADHD Behaviour Dopamine Serotonin Glutamate Neostriatum |
| url | http://www.behavioralandbrainfunctions.com/content/8/1/56 |
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