An Investigation of the Frequency and Duration of a Drive Spoon–Dispersed Water Jet and Its Influence on the Hydraulic Performance of a Large-Volume Irrigation Sprinkler
The frequency and duration of drive spoon–dispersed water jet directly influence the water distribution pattern and, further, affect water distribution uniformity. A mathematical model for calculating the duration was established, and an experiment was carried out to verify the accuracy of the theor...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-09-01
|
| Series: | Agronomy |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/9/2233 |
| _version_ | 1827664263660961792 |
|---|---|
| author | Pan Tang Chao Chen |
| author_facet | Pan Tang Chao Chen |
| author_sort | Pan Tang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The frequency and duration of drive spoon–dispersed water jet directly influence the water distribution pattern and, further, affect water distribution uniformity. A mathematical model for calculating the duration was established, and an experiment was carried out to verify the accuracy of the theory by using high-speed photography (HSP) technique. Another important component of the investigation was the influence of frequency and duration on the water distribution pattern and water distribution uniformity. The results showed that the frequency of drive spoon–dispersed water jet increased and the duration time decreased with increased working pressure and decreased distance between counterweight-installed position and rotation axis. The calculated values of the theory were greater than the measured values. Differences between the measured and predicted values decreased with increased working pressure, and the average difference decreased to 2.98% when the working pressure increased to 0.40 MPa. The application rates within 1–13 m improved and increased about 50% by decreasing the distance from 135 mm to 80 mm. The maximum application rates decreased from 10.3 to 9.2 mm h<sup>−1</sup>, 9.5 to 8.8 mm h<sup>−1</sup>, and 8.4 to 7.9 mm h<sup>−1</sup> with a working pressure of 0.30, 0.35, and 0.40 MPa, respectively. The Christiansen’s uniformity coefficient (CU) values decreased by increasing the distance between the counterweight and the rotation axis. The maximum CU values were obtained at the spacing coefficient of 1.2, 1.2, and 1.1 for 0.30, 0.35, and 0.40 MPa, respectively. By decreasing the distance from 135 mm to 80 mm, the maximum CU values increased from 58.96% to 75.1%, 68.85% to 80.1%, and 72.46% to 82.17% for 0.30, 0.35, and 0.40 MPa, respectively. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:58:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-636e168b0db4475bbbde26aeef19eeb6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:58:40Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-636e168b0db4475bbbde26aeef19eeb62023-11-23T14:39:35ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952022-09-01129223310.3390/agronomy12092233An Investigation of the Frequency and Duration of a Drive Spoon–Dispersed Water Jet and Its Influence on the Hydraulic Performance of a Large-Volume Irrigation SprinklerPan Tang0Chao Chen1Key Laboratory of Water-Saving Agriculture of Henan Province, Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, ChinaResearch Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, ChinaThe frequency and duration of drive spoon–dispersed water jet directly influence the water distribution pattern and, further, affect water distribution uniformity. A mathematical model for calculating the duration was established, and an experiment was carried out to verify the accuracy of the theory by using high-speed photography (HSP) technique. Another important component of the investigation was the influence of frequency and duration on the water distribution pattern and water distribution uniformity. The results showed that the frequency of drive spoon–dispersed water jet increased and the duration time decreased with increased working pressure and decreased distance between counterweight-installed position and rotation axis. The calculated values of the theory were greater than the measured values. Differences between the measured and predicted values decreased with increased working pressure, and the average difference decreased to 2.98% when the working pressure increased to 0.40 MPa. The application rates within 1–13 m improved and increased about 50% by decreasing the distance from 135 mm to 80 mm. The maximum application rates decreased from 10.3 to 9.2 mm h<sup>−1</sup>, 9.5 to 8.8 mm h<sup>−1</sup>, and 8.4 to 7.9 mm h<sup>−1</sup> with a working pressure of 0.30, 0.35, and 0.40 MPa, respectively. The Christiansen’s uniformity coefficient (CU) values decreased by increasing the distance between the counterweight and the rotation axis. The maximum CU values were obtained at the spacing coefficient of 1.2, 1.2, and 1.1 for 0.30, 0.35, and 0.40 MPa, respectively. By decreasing the distance from 135 mm to 80 mm, the maximum CU values increased from 58.96% to 75.1%, 68.85% to 80.1%, and 72.46% to 82.17% for 0.30, 0.35, and 0.40 MPa, respectively.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/9/2233sprinkler irrigationdrive spoonwater jettheoretical calculationwater distribution uniformity |
| spellingShingle | Pan Tang Chao Chen An Investigation of the Frequency and Duration of a Drive Spoon–Dispersed Water Jet and Its Influence on the Hydraulic Performance of a Large-Volume Irrigation Sprinkler Agronomy sprinkler irrigation drive spoon water jet theoretical calculation water distribution uniformity |
| title | An Investigation of the Frequency and Duration of a Drive Spoon–Dispersed Water Jet and Its Influence on the Hydraulic Performance of a Large-Volume Irrigation Sprinkler |
| title_full | An Investigation of the Frequency and Duration of a Drive Spoon–Dispersed Water Jet and Its Influence on the Hydraulic Performance of a Large-Volume Irrigation Sprinkler |
| title_fullStr | An Investigation of the Frequency and Duration of a Drive Spoon–Dispersed Water Jet and Its Influence on the Hydraulic Performance of a Large-Volume Irrigation Sprinkler |
| title_full_unstemmed | An Investigation of the Frequency and Duration of a Drive Spoon–Dispersed Water Jet and Its Influence on the Hydraulic Performance of a Large-Volume Irrigation Sprinkler |
| title_short | An Investigation of the Frequency and Duration of a Drive Spoon–Dispersed Water Jet and Its Influence on the Hydraulic Performance of a Large-Volume Irrigation Sprinkler |
| title_sort | investigation of the frequency and duration of a drive spoon dispersed water jet and its influence on the hydraulic performance of a large volume irrigation sprinkler |
| topic | sprinkler irrigation drive spoon water jet theoretical calculation water distribution uniformity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/9/2233 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT pantang aninvestigationofthefrequencyanddurationofadrivespoondispersedwaterjetanditsinfluenceonthehydraulicperformanceofalargevolumeirrigationsprinkler AT chaochen aninvestigationofthefrequencyanddurationofadrivespoondispersedwaterjetanditsinfluenceonthehydraulicperformanceofalargevolumeirrigationsprinkler AT pantang investigationofthefrequencyanddurationofadrivespoondispersedwaterjetanditsinfluenceonthehydraulicperformanceofalargevolumeirrigationsprinkler AT chaochen investigationofthefrequencyanddurationofadrivespoondispersedwaterjetanditsinfluenceonthehydraulicperformanceofalargevolumeirrigationsprinkler |