Syntrichia caninervis adapt to mercury stress by altering submicrostructure and physiological properties in the Gurbantünggüt Desert
Abstract Sewage and industrial waste discharges have been found to have a deleterious effect on plant growth and environmental safety through the accumulation of trace metal mercury (Hg) in soils. Although the effects of Hg on vascular plants have been reported in terms of enzyme activity, oxidative...
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Nature Portfolio
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-15822-2 |
| _version_ | 1811224069917376512 |
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| author | Yuqing Mao Weiguo Liu Xiaodong Yang Yaobao Chang Tao Yang Xiyuan Wang Yinguang Chen |
| author_facet | Yuqing Mao Weiguo Liu Xiaodong Yang Yaobao Chang Tao Yang Xiyuan Wang Yinguang Chen |
| author_sort | Yuqing Mao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Sewage and industrial waste discharges have been found to have a deleterious effect on plant growth and environmental safety through the accumulation of trace metal mercury (Hg) in soils. Although the effects of Hg on vascular plants have been reported in terms of enzyme activity, oxidative damage and physiology, few studies have been done on non-vascular plants. A simulation experiment including 7 Hg concentrations (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 75 µM) was conducted to investigate the influence of Hg stress on ultrastructure and physiological properties of biocrust moss Syntrichia. caninervis across 7 consecutive days. The results showed that the lowest lethal concentration of S. caninervis was 30 µM Hg. The mortality rate of the plants increased significantly with Hg concentrations. The ultrastructure did not change significantly at Hg concentration ≤ 20 µM, while exceeding which, cell walls began to separate, nuclei began to blur, and chloroplasts began to expand. The soluble sugars (SS), peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities increased initially and then decreased with the increase of concentration in the time gradient, with the largest values at 20 µM. The contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline (Pro) increased with the increase of Hg concentration, both reached peak value at 50 µM. However, chlorophyll (Chl) contents continued to decrease along both the concentration and time gradients. Pearson correlation and principal component analysis showed that two principal components (PC1 and PC2) explained 73.9% of the variance in plant adaptation to Hg stress. SOD, POD, Chl, SS, and Pro all responded well to Hg in S. caninervis. Our study showed that Hg stress caused changes in ultrastructure and physiological metabolism of S. caninervis. 20 µM was the maximum concentration of Hg that biocrust moss S. caninervis can tolerate. S. caninervis mainly adopted two adaptation strategies related to exclusion and accumulation to reduce Hg stress. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T08:43:50Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T08:43:50Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-637de33dfac145cb9965fd11b90282342022-12-22T03:39:47ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222022-07-0112111110.1038/s41598-022-15822-2Syntrichia caninervis adapt to mercury stress by altering submicrostructure and physiological properties in the Gurbantünggüt DesertYuqing Mao0Weiguo Liu1Xiaodong Yang2Yaobao Chang3Tao Yang4Xiyuan Wang5Yinguang Chen6College of Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang UniversityCollege of Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang UniversityDepartment of Geography and Spatial Information Technology, Ningbo UniversityCollege of Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang UniversityCollege of Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang UniversityCollege of Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang UniversityCollege of Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang UniversityAbstract Sewage and industrial waste discharges have been found to have a deleterious effect on plant growth and environmental safety through the accumulation of trace metal mercury (Hg) in soils. Although the effects of Hg on vascular plants have been reported in terms of enzyme activity, oxidative damage and physiology, few studies have been done on non-vascular plants. A simulation experiment including 7 Hg concentrations (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 75 µM) was conducted to investigate the influence of Hg stress on ultrastructure and physiological properties of biocrust moss Syntrichia. caninervis across 7 consecutive days. The results showed that the lowest lethal concentration of S. caninervis was 30 µM Hg. The mortality rate of the plants increased significantly with Hg concentrations. The ultrastructure did not change significantly at Hg concentration ≤ 20 µM, while exceeding which, cell walls began to separate, nuclei began to blur, and chloroplasts began to expand. The soluble sugars (SS), peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities increased initially and then decreased with the increase of concentration in the time gradient, with the largest values at 20 µM. The contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline (Pro) increased with the increase of Hg concentration, both reached peak value at 50 µM. However, chlorophyll (Chl) contents continued to decrease along both the concentration and time gradients. Pearson correlation and principal component analysis showed that two principal components (PC1 and PC2) explained 73.9% of the variance in plant adaptation to Hg stress. SOD, POD, Chl, SS, and Pro all responded well to Hg in S. caninervis. Our study showed that Hg stress caused changes in ultrastructure and physiological metabolism of S. caninervis. 20 µM was the maximum concentration of Hg that biocrust moss S. caninervis can tolerate. S. caninervis mainly adopted two adaptation strategies related to exclusion and accumulation to reduce Hg stress.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-15822-2 |
| spellingShingle | Yuqing Mao Weiguo Liu Xiaodong Yang Yaobao Chang Tao Yang Xiyuan Wang Yinguang Chen Syntrichia caninervis adapt to mercury stress by altering submicrostructure and physiological properties in the Gurbantünggüt Desert Scientific Reports |
| title | Syntrichia caninervis adapt to mercury stress by altering submicrostructure and physiological properties in the Gurbantünggüt Desert |
| title_full | Syntrichia caninervis adapt to mercury stress by altering submicrostructure and physiological properties in the Gurbantünggüt Desert |
| title_fullStr | Syntrichia caninervis adapt to mercury stress by altering submicrostructure and physiological properties in the Gurbantünggüt Desert |
| title_full_unstemmed | Syntrichia caninervis adapt to mercury stress by altering submicrostructure and physiological properties in the Gurbantünggüt Desert |
| title_short | Syntrichia caninervis adapt to mercury stress by altering submicrostructure and physiological properties in the Gurbantünggüt Desert |
| title_sort | syntrichia caninervis adapt to mercury stress by altering submicrostructure and physiological properties in the gurbantunggut desert |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-15822-2 |
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