Inflammatory cytokines as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of severe malaria in children in Ghana
Abstract Background Severe malaria (SM) is a fatal multi-system disease which accounted for an estimated 619,000 deaths in 2021. Less than 30% of children presenting with SM are diagnosed and treated promptly, resulting in increased mortality and neurologic impairments in survivors. Studies have ide...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Malaria Journal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-023-04652-w |
| _version_ | 1797752836222615552 |
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| author | Elizabeth Obeng-Aboagye Augustina Frimpong Jones Amo Amponsah Samuel E. Danso Ewurama D. A. Owusu Michael Fokuo Ofori |
| author_facet | Elizabeth Obeng-Aboagye Augustina Frimpong Jones Amo Amponsah Samuel E. Danso Ewurama D. A. Owusu Michael Fokuo Ofori |
| author_sort | Elizabeth Obeng-Aboagye |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Severe malaria (SM) is a fatal multi-system disease which accounted for an estimated 619,000 deaths in 2021. Less than 30% of children presenting with SM are diagnosed and treated promptly, resulting in increased mortality and neurologic impairments in survivors. Studies have identified cytokine profiles that differentiate the various clinical manifestations of malaria (severe and uncomplicated). However, the diagnostic capability of these cytokines in differentiating between the disease states in terms of cut-off values has not yet been determined. Methods The plasma levels of 22 pro-inflammatory cytokines (Eotaxin/CCL 11, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL)- 2, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-12p40/p70, IL-17A, RANTES, MCP-1, IL-15, IL-5, IL-1RA, IL-2R, IFN-α, IP-10, TNF, MIG, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, IL-7, IL-8 and Granulocyte Macrophage-Colony Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF), and 3 anti-inflammatory cytokines-(IL-4, IL-13 and IL-10) in patients with SM, uncomplicated malaria (UM) and other febrile conditions, were measured and compared using the Human Cytokine Magnetic 25-Plex Panel. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to determine the diagnostic value of these cytokines. Results The level of the pro-inflammatory cytokine, IL-17A, was significantly higher in the SM group as compared to the UM group. Levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokines however did not differ significantly among the SM and UM groups. Only IL-1β and IL-17A showed good diagnostic potential after ROC curve analysis. Conclusion The data show that levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines correlate with malaria disease severity. IL-1β and IL-17A showed good diagnostic potentials and can be considered for use in clinical practice to target treatment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T17:10:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6380e37638914f749d28fdc496985d7f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1475-2875 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T17:10:15Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Malaria Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-6380e37638914f749d28fdc496985d7f2023-08-06T11:07:20ZengBMCMalaria Journal1475-28752023-07-012211810.1186/s12936-023-04652-wInflammatory cytokines as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of severe malaria in children in GhanaElizabeth Obeng-Aboagye0Augustina Frimpong1Jones Amo Amponsah2Samuel E. Danso3Ewurama D. A. Owusu4Michael Fokuo Ofori5Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of GhanaDepartment of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of GhanaDepartment of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of GhanaGA East HospitalDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of GhanaDepartment of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of GhanaAbstract Background Severe malaria (SM) is a fatal multi-system disease which accounted for an estimated 619,000 deaths in 2021. Less than 30% of children presenting with SM are diagnosed and treated promptly, resulting in increased mortality and neurologic impairments in survivors. Studies have identified cytokine profiles that differentiate the various clinical manifestations of malaria (severe and uncomplicated). However, the diagnostic capability of these cytokines in differentiating between the disease states in terms of cut-off values has not yet been determined. Methods The plasma levels of 22 pro-inflammatory cytokines (Eotaxin/CCL 11, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL)- 2, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-12p40/p70, IL-17A, RANTES, MCP-1, IL-15, IL-5, IL-1RA, IL-2R, IFN-α, IP-10, TNF, MIG, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, IL-7, IL-8 and Granulocyte Macrophage-Colony Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF), and 3 anti-inflammatory cytokines-(IL-4, IL-13 and IL-10) in patients with SM, uncomplicated malaria (UM) and other febrile conditions, were measured and compared using the Human Cytokine Magnetic 25-Plex Panel. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to determine the diagnostic value of these cytokines. Results The level of the pro-inflammatory cytokine, IL-17A, was significantly higher in the SM group as compared to the UM group. Levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokines however did not differ significantly among the SM and UM groups. Only IL-1β and IL-17A showed good diagnostic potential after ROC curve analysis. Conclusion The data show that levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines correlate with malaria disease severity. IL-1β and IL-17A showed good diagnostic potentials and can be considered for use in clinical practice to target treatment.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-023-04652-wSevere malariaUncomplicated malariaBiomarkerPro-inflammatory cytokinesAnti-inflammatory cytokines |
| spellingShingle | Elizabeth Obeng-Aboagye Augustina Frimpong Jones Amo Amponsah Samuel E. Danso Ewurama D. A. Owusu Michael Fokuo Ofori Inflammatory cytokines as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of severe malaria in children in Ghana Malaria Journal Severe malaria Uncomplicated malaria Biomarker Pro-inflammatory cytokines Anti-inflammatory cytokines |
| title | Inflammatory cytokines as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of severe malaria in children in Ghana |
| title_full | Inflammatory cytokines as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of severe malaria in children in Ghana |
| title_fullStr | Inflammatory cytokines as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of severe malaria in children in Ghana |
| title_full_unstemmed | Inflammatory cytokines as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of severe malaria in children in Ghana |
| title_short | Inflammatory cytokines as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of severe malaria in children in Ghana |
| title_sort | inflammatory cytokines as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of severe malaria in children in ghana |
| topic | Severe malaria Uncomplicated malaria Biomarker Pro-inflammatory cytokines Anti-inflammatory cytokines |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-023-04652-w |
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