Disturbances of Doppler Frequency Shift of Ionospheric Signal and of Telluric Current Caused by Atmospheric Waves from Explosive Eruption of Hunga Tonga Volcano on January 15, 2022
After the explosive eruption of the Hunga Tonga volcano on 15 January 2022, disturbances were observed at a distance of about 12,000 km in Northern Tien Shan and regarded variations in the atmospheric pressure, in telluric current, and in the Doppler frequency shift of ionospheric signal. At 16:00:5...
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Atmosphere |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/14/2/245 |
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| author | Nazyf Salikhov Alexander Shepetov Galina Pak Vladimir Saveliev Serik Nurakynov Vladimir Ryabov Valery Zhukov |
| author_facet | Nazyf Salikhov Alexander Shepetov Galina Pak Vladimir Saveliev Serik Nurakynov Vladimir Ryabov Valery Zhukov |
| author_sort | Nazyf Salikhov |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | After the explosive eruption of the Hunga Tonga volcano on 15 January 2022, disturbances were observed at a distance of about 12,000 km in Northern Tien Shan and regarded variations in the atmospheric pressure, in telluric current, and in the Doppler frequency shift of ionospheric signal. At 16:00:55 UTC, a pulse of atmospheric pressure was detected there, with peak amplitude of 1.3 hPa and propagation speed of 0.3056 km/s, equal to the velocity of Lamb waves. In the variations in the Doppler frequency shift, disturbances of two types were registered on the 3212 km and 2969 km long inclined radio paths, one of which arose as a response to the passage of a Lamb wave (0.3059 km/s) through the reflection point of the radio wave and another as reaction to an acoustic-gravity wave (0.2602 km/s). Two successive perturbations were also detected in the records of telluric current at the arrival times of the Lamb and acoustic-gravity waves at the registration point. According to the parameters of the Lamb wave, the energy transfer into the atmosphere upon the explosion of the Hunga Tonga volcano was roughly estimated to be 2000 Mt of TNT equivalent. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:10:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-638579864c4449ca8f847c523e3d8805 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:10:59Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-638579864c4449ca8f847c523e3d88052023-11-16T19:02:07ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332023-01-0114224510.3390/atmos14020245Disturbances of Doppler Frequency Shift of Ionospheric Signal and of Telluric Current Caused by Atmospheric Waves from Explosive Eruption of Hunga Tonga Volcano on January 15, 2022Nazyf Salikhov0Alexander Shepetov1Galina Pak2Vladimir Saveliev3Serik Nurakynov4Vladimir Ryabov5Valery Zhukov6Institute of Ionosphere, Almaty 050020, KazakhstanInstitute of Ionosphere, Almaty 050020, KazakhstanInstitute of Ionosphere, Almaty 050020, KazakhstanInstitute of Ionosphere, Almaty 050020, KazakhstanInstitute of Ionosphere, Almaty 050020, KazakhstanP. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, RussiaP. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, RussiaAfter the explosive eruption of the Hunga Tonga volcano on 15 January 2022, disturbances were observed at a distance of about 12,000 km in Northern Tien Shan and regarded variations in the atmospheric pressure, in telluric current, and in the Doppler frequency shift of ionospheric signal. At 16:00:55 UTC, a pulse of atmospheric pressure was detected there, with peak amplitude of 1.3 hPa and propagation speed of 0.3056 km/s, equal to the velocity of Lamb waves. In the variations in the Doppler frequency shift, disturbances of two types were registered on the 3212 km and 2969 km long inclined radio paths, one of which arose as a response to the passage of a Lamb wave (0.3059 km/s) through the reflection point of the radio wave and another as reaction to an acoustic-gravity wave (0.2602 km/s). Two successive perturbations were also detected in the records of telluric current at the arrival times of the Lamb and acoustic-gravity waves at the registration point. According to the parameters of the Lamb wave, the energy transfer into the atmosphere upon the explosion of the Hunga Tonga volcano was roughly estimated to be 2000 Mt of TNT equivalent.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/14/2/245Hunga Tonga volcano eruptionDoppler frequency shiftionospheretelluric currentatmospheric pressureLamb wave |
| spellingShingle | Nazyf Salikhov Alexander Shepetov Galina Pak Vladimir Saveliev Serik Nurakynov Vladimir Ryabov Valery Zhukov Disturbances of Doppler Frequency Shift of Ionospheric Signal and of Telluric Current Caused by Atmospheric Waves from Explosive Eruption of Hunga Tonga Volcano on January 15, 2022 Atmosphere Hunga Tonga volcano eruption Doppler frequency shift ionosphere telluric current atmospheric pressure Lamb wave |
| title | Disturbances of Doppler Frequency Shift of Ionospheric Signal and of Telluric Current Caused by Atmospheric Waves from Explosive Eruption of Hunga Tonga Volcano on January 15, 2022 |
| title_full | Disturbances of Doppler Frequency Shift of Ionospheric Signal and of Telluric Current Caused by Atmospheric Waves from Explosive Eruption of Hunga Tonga Volcano on January 15, 2022 |
| title_fullStr | Disturbances of Doppler Frequency Shift of Ionospheric Signal and of Telluric Current Caused by Atmospheric Waves from Explosive Eruption of Hunga Tonga Volcano on January 15, 2022 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Disturbances of Doppler Frequency Shift of Ionospheric Signal and of Telluric Current Caused by Atmospheric Waves from Explosive Eruption of Hunga Tonga Volcano on January 15, 2022 |
| title_short | Disturbances of Doppler Frequency Shift of Ionospheric Signal and of Telluric Current Caused by Atmospheric Waves from Explosive Eruption of Hunga Tonga Volcano on January 15, 2022 |
| title_sort | disturbances of doppler frequency shift of ionospheric signal and of telluric current caused by atmospheric waves from explosive eruption of hunga tonga volcano on january 15 2022 |
| topic | Hunga Tonga volcano eruption Doppler frequency shift ionosphere telluric current atmospheric pressure Lamb wave |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/14/2/245 |
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