Sida Golden Mosaic Virus, an Emerging Pathogen of Snap Bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L.) in the Southeastern United States
Sida golden mosaic virus (SiGMV) was first detected from snap bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L.) in Florida in 2006 and recently in Georgia in 2018. Since 2018, it has caused significant economic losses to snap bean growers in Georgia. This study, using a SiGMV isolate field-collected f...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/15/2/357 |
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| author | Saurabh Gautam James W. Buck Bhabesh Dutta Timothy Coolong Tatiana Sanchez Hugh A. Smith Scott Adkins Rajagopalbabu Srinivasan |
| author_facet | Saurabh Gautam James W. Buck Bhabesh Dutta Timothy Coolong Tatiana Sanchez Hugh A. Smith Scott Adkins Rajagopalbabu Srinivasan |
| author_sort | Saurabh Gautam |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Sida golden mosaic virus (SiGMV) was first detected from snap bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L.) in Florida in 2006 and recently in Georgia in 2018. Since 2018, it has caused significant economic losses to snap bean growers in Georgia. This study, using a SiGMV isolate field-collected from prickly sida (<i>Sida spinosa</i> L.), examined the putative host range, vector-mediated transmission, and SiGMV-modulated effects on host–vector interactions. In addition, this study analyzed the phylogenetic relationships of SiGMV with other begomoviruses reported from <i>Sida</i> spp. Host range studies confirmed that SiGMV can infect seasonal crops and perennial weed species such as snap bean, hollyhock (<i>Alcea rosea</i> L.)<i>,</i> marsh mallow <i>(Althaea officinalis</i> L.), okra (<i>Abelmoschus esculentus</i> (L.) Moench), country mallow (<i>Sida cordifolia</i> L.), prickly sida (<i>S. spinosa</i>), and tobacco (<i>Nicotiana tabacum</i> L.). The incidence of infection ranged from 70 to 100%. SiGMV-induced symptoms and virus accumulation varied between hosts. The vector, <i>Bemisia tabaci</i> Gennadius, was able to complete its life cycle on all plant species, irrespective of SiGMV infection status. However, SiGMV infection in prickly sida and country mallow positively increased the fitness of whiteflies, whereas SiGMV infection in okra negatively influenced whitefly fitness. Whiteflies efficiently back-transmitted SiGMV from infected prickly sida, hollyhock, marsh mallow, and okra to snap bean, and the incidence of infection ranged from 27 to 80%. Complete DNA-A sequence from this study shared 97% identity with SiGMV sequences reported from Florida and it was determined to be closely related with sida viruses reported from the New World. These results suggest that SiGMV, a New World begomovirus, has a broad host range that would allow its establishment in the farmscapes/landscapes of the southeastern United States and is an emerging threat to snap bean and possibly other crops. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:00:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-638935ecae22455d876d3dc4750a2383 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:00:41Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-638935ecae22455d876d3dc4750a23832023-11-16T23:47:55ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152023-01-0115235710.3390/v15020357Sida Golden Mosaic Virus, an Emerging Pathogen of Snap Bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L.) in the Southeastern United StatesSaurabh Gautam0James W. Buck1Bhabesh Dutta2Timothy Coolong3Tatiana Sanchez4Hugh A. Smith5Scott Adkins6Rajagopalbabu Srinivasan7Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, 1109 Experiment Street, Griffin, GA 30223, USADepartment of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, 1109 Experiment Street, Griffin, GA 30223, USADepartment of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, 3250 Rainwater Road, Tifton, GA 31793, USADepartment of Horticulture, University of Georgia, 1111 Miller Plant Sciences, Athens, GA 30602, USAUniversity of Florida, IFAS Extension, 22712 W. Newberry Road, Newberry, FL 32669, USADepartment of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, 14625 Co Rd 672, Wimauma, FL 33598, USAUSDA-ARS, U.S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, Fort Pierce, FL 34945, USADepartment of Entomology, University of Georgia, 1109 Experiment Street, Griffin, GA 30223, USASida golden mosaic virus (SiGMV) was first detected from snap bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L.) in Florida in 2006 and recently in Georgia in 2018. Since 2018, it has caused significant economic losses to snap bean growers in Georgia. This study, using a SiGMV isolate field-collected from prickly sida (<i>Sida spinosa</i> L.), examined the putative host range, vector-mediated transmission, and SiGMV-modulated effects on host–vector interactions. In addition, this study analyzed the phylogenetic relationships of SiGMV with other begomoviruses reported from <i>Sida</i> spp. Host range studies confirmed that SiGMV can infect seasonal crops and perennial weed species such as snap bean, hollyhock (<i>Alcea rosea</i> L.)<i>,</i> marsh mallow <i>(Althaea officinalis</i> L.), okra (<i>Abelmoschus esculentus</i> (L.) Moench), country mallow (<i>Sida cordifolia</i> L.), prickly sida (<i>S. spinosa</i>), and tobacco (<i>Nicotiana tabacum</i> L.). The incidence of infection ranged from 70 to 100%. SiGMV-induced symptoms and virus accumulation varied between hosts. The vector, <i>Bemisia tabaci</i> Gennadius, was able to complete its life cycle on all plant species, irrespective of SiGMV infection status. However, SiGMV infection in prickly sida and country mallow positively increased the fitness of whiteflies, whereas SiGMV infection in okra negatively influenced whitefly fitness. Whiteflies efficiently back-transmitted SiGMV from infected prickly sida, hollyhock, marsh mallow, and okra to snap bean, and the incidence of infection ranged from 27 to 80%. Complete DNA-A sequence from this study shared 97% identity with SiGMV sequences reported from Florida and it was determined to be closely related with sida viruses reported from the New World. These results suggest that SiGMV, a New World begomovirus, has a broad host range that would allow its establishment in the farmscapes/landscapes of the southeastern United States and is an emerging threat to snap bean and possibly other crops.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/15/2/357<i>Begomovirus</i>host rangephylogeneticssymptoms<i>Bemisia tabaci</i>vector–virus interactions |
| spellingShingle | Saurabh Gautam James W. Buck Bhabesh Dutta Timothy Coolong Tatiana Sanchez Hugh A. Smith Scott Adkins Rajagopalbabu Srinivasan Sida Golden Mosaic Virus, an Emerging Pathogen of Snap Bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L.) in the Southeastern United States Viruses <i>Begomovirus</i> host range phylogenetics symptoms <i>Bemisia tabaci</i> vector–virus interactions |
| title | Sida Golden Mosaic Virus, an Emerging Pathogen of Snap Bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L.) in the Southeastern United States |
| title_full | Sida Golden Mosaic Virus, an Emerging Pathogen of Snap Bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L.) in the Southeastern United States |
| title_fullStr | Sida Golden Mosaic Virus, an Emerging Pathogen of Snap Bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L.) in the Southeastern United States |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sida Golden Mosaic Virus, an Emerging Pathogen of Snap Bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L.) in the Southeastern United States |
| title_short | Sida Golden Mosaic Virus, an Emerging Pathogen of Snap Bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L.) in the Southeastern United States |
| title_sort | sida golden mosaic virus an emerging pathogen of snap bean i phaseolus vulgaris i l in the southeastern united states |
| topic | <i>Begomovirus</i> host range phylogenetics symptoms <i>Bemisia tabaci</i> vector–virus interactions |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/15/2/357 |
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