Variations in the Chemical Composition of Essential Oils in Native Populations of Korean Thyme, <i>Thymus quinquecostatus</i> Celak.
The genus <i>Thymus</i> (Lamiaceae) contains numerous medicinally important species. Among them, <i>Thymus quinquecostatus</i> Celak. has been extensively utilized as a traditional medicine and a food flavoring agent in the Korean peninsula, owing to its unique aroma. In part...
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/21/7203 |
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| author | Minju Kim Kandhasamy Sowndhararajan Ponnuvel Deepa Songmun Kim |
| author_facet | Minju Kim Kandhasamy Sowndhararajan Ponnuvel Deepa Songmun Kim |
| author_sort | Minju Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The genus <i>Thymus</i> (Lamiaceae) contains numerous medicinally important species. Among them, <i>Thymus quinquecostatus</i> Celak. has been extensively utilized as a traditional medicine and a food flavoring agent in the Korean peninsula, owing to its unique aroma. In particular, <i>T. quinquecostatus</i> has been used for the treatment of gastroenteritis, inflammation, stomach problems, liver disease, arthritis, arteriosclerosis, and menstrual problems. This study aimed to investigate the chemical diversity of essential oils among 103 Korean native populations of <i>T. quinquecostatus</i>. For this purpose, seedlings of <i>T. quinquecostatus</i> populations were purchased from different regions in the Korean Peninsula, and seedlings were grown in the experimental field under the same environmental conditions. The chemical compositions of steam-distilled essential oils were determined using GC-MS. In total, 212 components were identified from 103 populations of <i>T. quinquecostatus</i>. Furthermore, principal component analysis (PCA) was performed in order to understand variations in the essential oil compositions among 103 Korean native populations of <i>T. quinquecostatus</i>. According to the essential oil compositions, 30 components were selected for PCA. Based on the most abundant essential oil components, four chemotypes were identified in <i>T. quinquecostatus</i> populations. PCA and cluster analyses revealed that 103 individuals of <i>T. quinquecostatus</i> could be classified into four clusters, such as thymol, geraniol, geranyl acetate, and linalool. Furthermore, dendrogram construction demonstrated that geraniol and geranyl acetate, as well as linalool and thymol groups, were closely related. This study suggested the significant chemical polymorphism of essential oils in local populations of <i>T. quinquecostatus</i> in Korea. It could be concluded that the intraspecific variations in the essential oil compositions may be associated with genetic diversity among the individuals. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:48:53Z |
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| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:48:53Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-6394d4cc3a414711a97d183fef78ae502023-11-24T06:00:19ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-10-012721720310.3390/molecules27217203Variations in the Chemical Composition of Essential Oils in Native Populations of Korean Thyme, <i>Thymus quinquecostatus</i> Celak.Minju Kim0Kandhasamy Sowndhararajan1Ponnuvel Deepa2Songmun Kim3School of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, KoreaDepartment of Botany, Kongunadu Arts and Science College, Coimbatore 641029, Tamil Nadu, IndiaSchool of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, KoreaSchool of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, KoreaThe genus <i>Thymus</i> (Lamiaceae) contains numerous medicinally important species. Among them, <i>Thymus quinquecostatus</i> Celak. has been extensively utilized as a traditional medicine and a food flavoring agent in the Korean peninsula, owing to its unique aroma. In particular, <i>T. quinquecostatus</i> has been used for the treatment of gastroenteritis, inflammation, stomach problems, liver disease, arthritis, arteriosclerosis, and menstrual problems. This study aimed to investigate the chemical diversity of essential oils among 103 Korean native populations of <i>T. quinquecostatus</i>. For this purpose, seedlings of <i>T. quinquecostatus</i> populations were purchased from different regions in the Korean Peninsula, and seedlings were grown in the experimental field under the same environmental conditions. The chemical compositions of steam-distilled essential oils were determined using GC-MS. In total, 212 components were identified from 103 populations of <i>T. quinquecostatus</i>. Furthermore, principal component analysis (PCA) was performed in order to understand variations in the essential oil compositions among 103 Korean native populations of <i>T. quinquecostatus</i>. According to the essential oil compositions, 30 components were selected for PCA. Based on the most abundant essential oil components, four chemotypes were identified in <i>T. quinquecostatus</i> populations. PCA and cluster analyses revealed that 103 individuals of <i>T. quinquecostatus</i> could be classified into four clusters, such as thymol, geraniol, geranyl acetate, and linalool. Furthermore, dendrogram construction demonstrated that geraniol and geranyl acetate, as well as linalool and thymol groups, were closely related. This study suggested the significant chemical polymorphism of essential oils in local populations of <i>T. quinquecostatus</i> in Korea. It could be concluded that the intraspecific variations in the essential oil compositions may be associated with genetic diversity among the individuals.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/21/7203<i>Thymus quinquecostatus</i>thymechemotypesessential oilcluster analysis |
| spellingShingle | Minju Kim Kandhasamy Sowndhararajan Ponnuvel Deepa Songmun Kim Variations in the Chemical Composition of Essential Oils in Native Populations of Korean Thyme, <i>Thymus quinquecostatus</i> Celak. Molecules <i>Thymus quinquecostatus</i> thyme chemotypes essential oil cluster analysis |
| title | Variations in the Chemical Composition of Essential Oils in Native Populations of Korean Thyme, <i>Thymus quinquecostatus</i> Celak. |
| title_full | Variations in the Chemical Composition of Essential Oils in Native Populations of Korean Thyme, <i>Thymus quinquecostatus</i> Celak. |
| title_fullStr | Variations in the Chemical Composition of Essential Oils in Native Populations of Korean Thyme, <i>Thymus quinquecostatus</i> Celak. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Variations in the Chemical Composition of Essential Oils in Native Populations of Korean Thyme, <i>Thymus quinquecostatus</i> Celak. |
| title_short | Variations in the Chemical Composition of Essential Oils in Native Populations of Korean Thyme, <i>Thymus quinquecostatus</i> Celak. |
| title_sort | variations in the chemical composition of essential oils in native populations of korean thyme i thymus quinquecostatus i celak |
| topic | <i>Thymus quinquecostatus</i> thyme chemotypes essential oil cluster analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/21/7203 |
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