The Application of Active Biomonitoring with the Use of Mosses to Identify Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in an Atmospheric Aerosol
The use of biological indicators of environmental quality is an alternative method of monitoring ecosystem pollution. Various groups of contaminants, including organic ones, can be measured in environmental samples. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have not yet been determined by the moss bag...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/23/7258 |
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| author | Paweł Świsłowski Pavel Hrabák Stanisław Wacławek Klára Liskova Vojtěch Antos Małgorzata Rajfur Maria Ząbkowska-Wacławek |
| author_facet | Paweł Świsłowski Pavel Hrabák Stanisław Wacławek Klára Liskova Vojtěch Antos Małgorzata Rajfur Maria Ząbkowska-Wacławek |
| author_sort | Paweł Świsłowski |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The use of biological indicators of environmental quality is an alternative method of monitoring ecosystem pollution. Various groups of contaminants, including organic ones, can be measured in environmental samples. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have not yet been determined by the moss bag technique. This technique uses several moss species simultaneously in urban areas to select the best biomonitoring of these compounds, which are dangerous to humans and the environment. In this research, a gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry was used for the determination of selected PAHs in three species of mosses: <i>Pleurozium schreberi, Sphagnum fallax</i> and <i>Dicranum polysetum</i> (active biomonitoring) and for comparison using an air filter reference method for atmospheric aerosol monitoring. The chlorophyll fluorescence of photosystem II (PSII) was also measured to assess changes in moss viability during the study. As a result of the study, the selective accumulation of selected PAHs by mosses was found, with <i>Pleurozium schreberi</i> being the best bioindicator—9 out of 13 PAHs compounds were determined in this species. The photosynthetic yield of photosystem (II) decreased by 81% during the exposure time. The relationship between PAHs concentrations in mosses and the total suspended particles (TSP) on the filter indicated the possibility of using this bioindicator to trace PAHs in urban areas and to apply the moss bag technique as a method supporting classical instrumental air monitoring. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:47:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-63b6b47ac0894cb69bc458bdbc342b58 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:47:19Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-63b6b47ac0894cb69bc458bdbc342b582023-11-23T02:49:50ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492021-11-012623725810.3390/molecules26237258The Application of Active Biomonitoring with the Use of Mosses to Identify Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in an Atmospheric AerosolPaweł Świsłowski0Pavel Hrabák1Stanisław Wacławek2Klára Liskova3Vojtěch Antos4Małgorzata Rajfur5Maria Ząbkowska-Wacławek6Institute of Biology, University of Opole, Oleska 22 St., 45-022 Opole, PolandInstitute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská St. 1402/2, 461 17 Liberec 1, Czech RepublicInstitute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská St. 1402/2, 461 17 Liberec 1, Czech RepublicInstitute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská St. 1402/2, 461 17 Liberec 1, Czech RepublicInstitute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská St. 1402/2, 461 17 Liberec 1, Czech RepublicInstitute of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Opole, Kominka 6a St., 45-032 Opole, PolandSociety of Ecological Chemistry and Engineering, Zawiszaków St. 3/103, 45-288 Opole, PolandThe use of biological indicators of environmental quality is an alternative method of monitoring ecosystem pollution. Various groups of contaminants, including organic ones, can be measured in environmental samples. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have not yet been determined by the moss bag technique. This technique uses several moss species simultaneously in urban areas to select the best biomonitoring of these compounds, which are dangerous to humans and the environment. In this research, a gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry was used for the determination of selected PAHs in three species of mosses: <i>Pleurozium schreberi, Sphagnum fallax</i> and <i>Dicranum polysetum</i> (active biomonitoring) and for comparison using an air filter reference method for atmospheric aerosol monitoring. The chlorophyll fluorescence of photosystem II (PSII) was also measured to assess changes in moss viability during the study. As a result of the study, the selective accumulation of selected PAHs by mosses was found, with <i>Pleurozium schreberi</i> being the best bioindicator—9 out of 13 PAHs compounds were determined in this species. The photosynthetic yield of photosystem (II) decreased by 81% during the exposure time. The relationship between PAHs concentrations in mosses and the total suspended particles (TSP) on the filter indicated the possibility of using this bioindicator to trace PAHs in urban areas and to apply the moss bag technique as a method supporting classical instrumental air monitoring.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/23/7258polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbonsbioindicatormoss bag technique |
| spellingShingle | Paweł Świsłowski Pavel Hrabák Stanisław Wacławek Klára Liskova Vojtěch Antos Małgorzata Rajfur Maria Ząbkowska-Wacławek The Application of Active Biomonitoring with the Use of Mosses to Identify Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in an Atmospheric Aerosol Molecules polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons bioindicator moss bag technique |
| title | The Application of Active Biomonitoring with the Use of Mosses to Identify Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in an Atmospheric Aerosol |
| title_full | The Application of Active Biomonitoring with the Use of Mosses to Identify Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in an Atmospheric Aerosol |
| title_fullStr | The Application of Active Biomonitoring with the Use of Mosses to Identify Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in an Atmospheric Aerosol |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Application of Active Biomonitoring with the Use of Mosses to Identify Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in an Atmospheric Aerosol |
| title_short | The Application of Active Biomonitoring with the Use of Mosses to Identify Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in an Atmospheric Aerosol |
| title_sort | application of active biomonitoring with the use of mosses to identify polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in an atmospheric aerosol |
| topic | polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons bioindicator moss bag technique |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/23/7258 |
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