Effects of a Long-Term Wearable Activity Tracker-Based Exercise Intervention on Cardiac Morphology and Function of Patients with Cystic Fibrosis
Several studies have shown that patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), even at a young age, have pulmonary and cardiac abnormalities. The main complications are cardiac right ventricular (RV) systolic and/or diastolic dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension, which affects their prognosis. Exercise train...
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/13/4884 |
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| author | Maria Anifanti Stavros Giannakoulakos Elpis Hatziagorou Asterios Kampouras John Tsanakas Asterios Deligiannis Evangelia Kouidi |
| author_facet | Maria Anifanti Stavros Giannakoulakos Elpis Hatziagorou Asterios Kampouras John Tsanakas Asterios Deligiannis Evangelia Kouidi |
| author_sort | Maria Anifanti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Several studies have shown that patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), even at a young age, have pulmonary and cardiac abnormalities. The main complications are cardiac right ventricular (RV) systolic and/or diastolic dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension, which affects their prognosis. Exercise training (ET) is recommended in patients with CF as a therapeutic modality to improve physical fitness and health-related quality of life. However, questions remain regarding its optimal effective and safe dose and its effects on the patients’ cardiac function. The study aimed to provide a wearable activity tracker (WAT)-based ET to promote physical activity in CF patients and assess its effects on cardiac morphology and function. Forty-two stable CF individuals (aged 16.8 ± 3.6 years) were randomly assigned to either the intervention (Group A) or the control group (Group B). Group A participated in a 1-year WAT-based ET program three times per week. All patients underwent a 6-min walking test (6-MWT) and an echocardiographic assessment focused mainly on RV anatomy and function at the baseline and the end of the study. RV systolic function was evaluated by measuring the tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), the systolic tricuspid annular velocity (TVS’), the RV free-wall longitudinal strain (RVFWSL), and the right ventricular four-chamber longitudinal strain (RV4CSL). RV diastolic function was assessed using early (TVE) and late (TVA) diastolic transtricuspid flow velocity and their ratio TVE/A. Pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) was also estimated. In Group A after ET, the 6MWT distance improved by 20.6% (<i>p</i> < 0.05), TVA decreased by 17% (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and TVE/A increased by 13.2% (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Moreover, TAPSE, TVS’, RVFWSL, and RV4CSL increased by 8.3% (<i>p</i> < 0.05), 9.0% (<i>p</i> < 0.05), 13.7% (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and 26.7% (<i>p</i> < 0.05), respectively, while PASP decreased by 7.6% (<i>p</i> < 0.05). At the end of the study, there was a significant linear correlation between the number of steps and the PASP (r = −0.727, <i>p</i> < 0.01) as well as the indices of RV systolic function in Group A. In conclusion, WAT is a valuable tool for implementing an effective ET program in CF. Furthermore, ET has a positive effect on RV systolic and diastolic function. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:33:52Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-63c2b1c338db4fd0920764cce0a1ff432023-11-30T22:26:28ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202022-06-012213488410.3390/s22134884Effects of a Long-Term Wearable Activity Tracker-Based Exercise Intervention on Cardiac Morphology and Function of Patients with Cystic FibrosisMaria Anifanti0Stavros Giannakoulakos1Elpis Hatziagorou2Asterios Kampouras3John Tsanakas4Asterios Deligiannis5Evangelia Kouidi6Laboratory of Sports Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57001 Thermi, GreeceLaboratory of Sports Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57001 Thermi, GreecePediatric Pulmonology and Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Hippokration Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54642 Thessaloniki, GreecePediatric Pulmonology and Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Hippokration Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54642 Thessaloniki, GreecePediatric Pulmonology and Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Hippokration Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54642 Thessaloniki, GreeceLaboratory of Sports Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57001 Thermi, GreeceLaboratory of Sports Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57001 Thermi, GreeceSeveral studies have shown that patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), even at a young age, have pulmonary and cardiac abnormalities. The main complications are cardiac right ventricular (RV) systolic and/or diastolic dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension, which affects their prognosis. Exercise training (ET) is recommended in patients with CF as a therapeutic modality to improve physical fitness and health-related quality of life. However, questions remain regarding its optimal effective and safe dose and its effects on the patients’ cardiac function. The study aimed to provide a wearable activity tracker (WAT)-based ET to promote physical activity in CF patients and assess its effects on cardiac morphology and function. Forty-two stable CF individuals (aged 16.8 ± 3.6 years) were randomly assigned to either the intervention (Group A) or the control group (Group B). Group A participated in a 1-year WAT-based ET program three times per week. All patients underwent a 6-min walking test (6-MWT) and an echocardiographic assessment focused mainly on RV anatomy and function at the baseline and the end of the study. RV systolic function was evaluated by measuring the tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), the systolic tricuspid annular velocity (TVS’), the RV free-wall longitudinal strain (RVFWSL), and the right ventricular four-chamber longitudinal strain (RV4CSL). RV diastolic function was assessed using early (TVE) and late (TVA) diastolic transtricuspid flow velocity and their ratio TVE/A. Pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) was also estimated. In Group A after ET, the 6MWT distance improved by 20.6% (<i>p</i> < 0.05), TVA decreased by 17% (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and TVE/A increased by 13.2% (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Moreover, TAPSE, TVS’, RVFWSL, and RV4CSL increased by 8.3% (<i>p</i> < 0.05), 9.0% (<i>p</i> < 0.05), 13.7% (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and 26.7% (<i>p</i> < 0.05), respectively, while PASP decreased by 7.6% (<i>p</i> < 0.05). At the end of the study, there was a significant linear correlation between the number of steps and the PASP (r = −0.727, <i>p</i> < 0.01) as well as the indices of RV systolic function in Group A. In conclusion, WAT is a valuable tool for implementing an effective ET program in CF. Furthermore, ET has a positive effect on RV systolic and diastolic function.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/13/4884cystic fibrosisexercise trainingwearable activity trackers6-min walking testechocardiography |
| spellingShingle | Maria Anifanti Stavros Giannakoulakos Elpis Hatziagorou Asterios Kampouras John Tsanakas Asterios Deligiannis Evangelia Kouidi Effects of a Long-Term Wearable Activity Tracker-Based Exercise Intervention on Cardiac Morphology and Function of Patients with Cystic Fibrosis Sensors cystic fibrosis exercise training wearable activity trackers 6-min walking test echocardiography |
| title | Effects of a Long-Term Wearable Activity Tracker-Based Exercise Intervention on Cardiac Morphology and Function of Patients with Cystic Fibrosis |
| title_full | Effects of a Long-Term Wearable Activity Tracker-Based Exercise Intervention on Cardiac Morphology and Function of Patients with Cystic Fibrosis |
| title_fullStr | Effects of a Long-Term Wearable Activity Tracker-Based Exercise Intervention on Cardiac Morphology and Function of Patients with Cystic Fibrosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of a Long-Term Wearable Activity Tracker-Based Exercise Intervention on Cardiac Morphology and Function of Patients with Cystic Fibrosis |
| title_short | Effects of a Long-Term Wearable Activity Tracker-Based Exercise Intervention on Cardiac Morphology and Function of Patients with Cystic Fibrosis |
| title_sort | effects of a long term wearable activity tracker based exercise intervention on cardiac morphology and function of patients with cystic fibrosis |
| topic | cystic fibrosis exercise training wearable activity trackers 6-min walking test echocardiography |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/13/4884 |
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