Retrograde venous invasion in renal cell carcinoma: a gross diagnosis 

Abstract Renal cell carcinoma, notably clear cell renal cell carcinoma in particular, show remarkable predisposition for intravenous growth. Retrograde venous invasion results in intravascular emboli in renal sinus and intrarenal veins, and nodules in renal parenchyma (after extravascular spread). I...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Daniel Abensur Athanazio, Maiara Ferreira de Souza, Maria Estela Pompeu do Amaral
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2023-02-01
Series:Surgical and Experimental Pathology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s42047-023-00127-z
Description
Summary:Abstract Renal cell carcinoma, notably clear cell renal cell carcinoma in particular, show remarkable predisposition for intravenous growth. Retrograde venous invasion results in intravascular emboli in renal sinus and intrarenal veins, and nodules in renal parenchyma (after extravascular spread). In our experience, we observed this phenomenon in five cases out of 204 renal cell tumors: four in clear cell renal cell carcinomas (4/166 or 2.4%) and 12.5% of those clear cell carcinomas with major renal vein invasion (4/34 or 12.5%). Since it is a recently described phenomenon, easily identifiable a bisected specimen, we believe it would be valuable to show our experience in recognizing and reporting the frequency of this finding in our practice.
ISSN:2520-8454