The Identification of Multidrug-Resistant Microorganisms including <i>Bergeyella zoohelcum</i> Acquired from the Skin/Prosthetic Interface of Amputees and Their Susceptibility to Medihoney™ and Garlic Extract (Allicin)
Users of prosthetic devices face the accumulation of potentially drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria on the skin/prosthesis interface. In this study, we took surface swabs of the skin/prosthesis interface of eleven disabled athletes to identify microorganisms present. In addition to determining their...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/2/299 |
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| author | Ruby Harsent Joshua Macleod Richard S. Rowlands Paul M. Smith Neil Rushmere James Blaxland |
| author_facet | Ruby Harsent Joshua Macleod Richard S. Rowlands Paul M. Smith Neil Rushmere James Blaxland |
| author_sort | Ruby Harsent |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Users of prosthetic devices face the accumulation of potentially drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria on the skin/prosthesis interface. In this study, we took surface swabs of the skin/prosthesis interface of eleven disabled athletes to identify microorganisms present. In addition to determining their antimicrobial resistance profile, we assessed their sensitivity to Manuka honey and Garlic extract (allicin). Eleven volunteers were directed to swab the skin at the skin/prosthesis interface. After initial isolation of microorganisms, we employed the following general microbiological methods: Gram stain, Catalase test, Oxidase test, lactose fermenting capability, haemolytic capability, Staphaurex, mannitol fermenting capability, Streptex; API Staph, 20E, Candida, and BBL crystal identification system tests. Once identified, isolates were analysed for their sensitivity to penicillin, erythromycin, ampicillin, vancomycin, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and colistin-sulphate. Isolates were also analysed for their sensitivity to allicin (Garlic Extract (GE)) and Manuka honey (Medihoney™) (MH). Eleven isolates were identified<i>: Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus, Pseudomonas oryzihabitans, Micrococcus</i> spp., <i>Bacillus subtilis, Group D Streptococcus, Pantoea</i> spp., <i>Enterobacter cloacae</i>, and <i>Bergeyella zoohelcum</i>. All isolates were resistant to 1 unit of penicillin and 10 μg of ampicillin<i>. Bergeyella zoohelcum</i> was observed to have the widest range of resistance with observed resistance against five of the eight antimicrobials employed in this study. This study highlights the prevalence of uncommon drug-resistant microorganisms on the skin within a vulnerable population, highlighting the potential for MH or GE intervention. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:23:41Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
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| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-63d6c6778f064dd6a9a77dcd3bad0ca72023-11-23T21:13:58ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072022-01-0110229910.3390/microorganisms10020299The Identification of Multidrug-Resistant Microorganisms including <i>Bergeyella zoohelcum</i> Acquired from the Skin/Prosthetic Interface of Amputees and Their Susceptibility to Medihoney™ and Garlic Extract (Allicin)Ruby Harsent0Joshua Macleod1Richard S. Rowlands2Paul M. Smith3Neil Rushmere4James Blaxland5Llandaff Campus, School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Western Avenue, Cardiff CF5 2YB, UKZero2Five Food Industry Centre, Llandaff Campus, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Western Avenue, Cardiff CF5 2YB, UKLlandaff Campus, School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Western Avenue, Cardiff CF5 2YB, UKCyncoed Campus, School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cyncoed Road, Cardiff CF23 6XD, UKLlandaff Campus, School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Western Avenue, Cardiff CF5 2YB, UKZero2Five Food Industry Centre, Llandaff Campus, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Western Avenue, Cardiff CF5 2YB, UKUsers of prosthetic devices face the accumulation of potentially drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria on the skin/prosthesis interface. In this study, we took surface swabs of the skin/prosthesis interface of eleven disabled athletes to identify microorganisms present. In addition to determining their antimicrobial resistance profile, we assessed their sensitivity to Manuka honey and Garlic extract (allicin). Eleven volunteers were directed to swab the skin at the skin/prosthesis interface. After initial isolation of microorganisms, we employed the following general microbiological methods: Gram stain, Catalase test, Oxidase test, lactose fermenting capability, haemolytic capability, Staphaurex, mannitol fermenting capability, Streptex; API Staph, 20E, Candida, and BBL crystal identification system tests. Once identified, isolates were analysed for their sensitivity to penicillin, erythromycin, ampicillin, vancomycin, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and colistin-sulphate. Isolates were also analysed for their sensitivity to allicin (Garlic Extract (GE)) and Manuka honey (Medihoney™) (MH). Eleven isolates were identified<i>: Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus, Pseudomonas oryzihabitans, Micrococcus</i> spp., <i>Bacillus subtilis, Group D Streptococcus, Pantoea</i> spp., <i>Enterobacter cloacae</i>, and <i>Bergeyella zoohelcum</i>. All isolates were resistant to 1 unit of penicillin and 10 μg of ampicillin<i>. Bergeyella zoohelcum</i> was observed to have the widest range of resistance with observed resistance against five of the eight antimicrobials employed in this study. This study highlights the prevalence of uncommon drug-resistant microorganisms on the skin within a vulnerable population, highlighting the potential for MH or GE intervention.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/2/299drug resistanceprostheticantimicrobialsmedihoneyallicin<i>Bergeyella</i> |
| spellingShingle | Ruby Harsent Joshua Macleod Richard S. Rowlands Paul M. Smith Neil Rushmere James Blaxland The Identification of Multidrug-Resistant Microorganisms including <i>Bergeyella zoohelcum</i> Acquired from the Skin/Prosthetic Interface of Amputees and Their Susceptibility to Medihoney™ and Garlic Extract (Allicin) Microorganisms drug resistance prosthetic antimicrobials medihoney allicin <i>Bergeyella</i> |
| title | The Identification of Multidrug-Resistant Microorganisms including <i>Bergeyella zoohelcum</i> Acquired from the Skin/Prosthetic Interface of Amputees and Their Susceptibility to Medihoney™ and Garlic Extract (Allicin) |
| title_full | The Identification of Multidrug-Resistant Microorganisms including <i>Bergeyella zoohelcum</i> Acquired from the Skin/Prosthetic Interface of Amputees and Their Susceptibility to Medihoney™ and Garlic Extract (Allicin) |
| title_fullStr | The Identification of Multidrug-Resistant Microorganisms including <i>Bergeyella zoohelcum</i> Acquired from the Skin/Prosthetic Interface of Amputees and Their Susceptibility to Medihoney™ and Garlic Extract (Allicin) |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Identification of Multidrug-Resistant Microorganisms including <i>Bergeyella zoohelcum</i> Acquired from the Skin/Prosthetic Interface of Amputees and Their Susceptibility to Medihoney™ and Garlic Extract (Allicin) |
| title_short | The Identification of Multidrug-Resistant Microorganisms including <i>Bergeyella zoohelcum</i> Acquired from the Skin/Prosthetic Interface of Amputees and Their Susceptibility to Medihoney™ and Garlic Extract (Allicin) |
| title_sort | identification of multidrug resistant microorganisms including i bergeyella zoohelcum i acquired from the skin prosthetic interface of amputees and their susceptibility to medihoney™ and garlic extract allicin |
| topic | drug resistance prosthetic antimicrobials medihoney allicin <i>Bergeyella</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/2/299 |
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